从内涵语义学的角度论“非”的情态意义

发布时间：2019-06-04 06:13

【摘要】：本文以张谊生(1992)、史金生(2002)、王灿龙(2008)等的看法为出发点,在认同“非”在“非X不Y”结构中,已不是否定副词的范畴,而是一个具有多功能的表示强调意义的副词的基础上,以唐贤清、李振中(2012)所提出的“非”表示强势肯定和推测的用法为前提,借助于内涵语义学和逻辑语义学的理论框架和研究方法来探讨“非”表达的情态意义。旨在回答以下问题:“非”在什么情况下可以充当情态副词?按照逻辑语义学的划分“非”有几种情态意义?“非”在现代汉语中的使用频率及其分布如何?能够使“非”的情态意义成立的语义条件有哪些?虽然“非”的这一特殊用法引起了国内学者的多方关注,但对这一现象的语义研究大都局限于由张谊生等人开发的“必欲,必须,必然”三种语义类型的研究框架。即使在高晓梅(2003)的呼吁下,国内开始关注“非”本身的词性和意义,而唐贤清、李振中(2012)等人也进一步指出了“非”表示肯定和可能两种意义。但这些研究并未真正与西方语言学的研究成果结合起来,缺乏强有力的理论支撑。除此之外,前人大都采用早期白话文小说中的语料甚至是口语为研究对象,很难有所突破。鉴于此,本文以Kai von Fintel(2010)在内涵语义学中对情态意义的研究为划分依据,以北大语料库中“非”在现代汉语中的用法为研究对象,进一步探讨“非”在副词句法位置时的情态意义。在现有国内研究成果的基础上,在对北大语料库中“非”的用法做了详尽考察之后,结合命题态度词、条件句及一般陈述句三种情况进行了详细讨论,从而对唐贤清和李振中的观点提供了理论和数据支撑,并指出在“非X不Y”中涵盖了可能性和必要性两种情态意义。
[Abstract]:Based on the views of Zhang Yisheng (1992), Shi Jinsheng (2002) and Wang Canlong (2008), this paper agrees that "no" is no longer the category of negative adverbs in the "non-X not Y" structure. It is on the basis of a multifunctional adverb that emphasizes meaning, on the premise of the usage of "non" to express strong affirmation and conjecture put forward by Tang Xianqing and Li Zhenzhong (2012). With the help of the theoretical framework and research methods of connotation semantics and logical semantics, the modal meaning of "non" expression is discussed. The aim is to answer the following question: under what circumstances can "non" act as modal adverbs? How many modal meanings does the division of "non" according to logical semantics have? What is the frequency and distribution of "non" in modern Chinese? What are the semantic conditions that can establish the modal meaning of "non"? Although the special usage of "non" has attracted the attention of many domestic scholars, most of the semantic research on this phenomenon is limited to the research framework of "must desire, must and inevitably" developed by Zhang Yisheng and others. Even at the appeal of Gao Xiaomei (2003), China began to pay attention to the part of speech and meaning of "non" itself, while Tang Xianqing, Li Zhenzhong (2012) and others further pointed out that "non" expressed positive and possible meanings. However, these studies are not really combined with the research results of western linguistics, and lack of strong theoretical support. In addition, most of the ancestors used the corpus and even spoken English as the research object, so it is difficult to break through. In view of this, this paper takes Kai von Fintel (2010 as the basis for the study of modal meaning in connotation semantics, and takes the usage of "non" in modern Chinese in Peking University corpus as the research object. This paper further discusses the modal meaning of "non" in the syntactic position of adverbs. On the basis of the existing domestic research results, after a detailed investigation of the usage of "non" in Peking University corpus, combined with propositional attitude words, conditional sentences and general declarative sentences, this paper discusses in detail. Thus, it provides theoretical and data support for the viewpoints of Tang Xianqing and Li Zhenzhong, and points out that the two modal meanings of possibility and necessity are covered in "non-X not Y".
【学位授予单位】：四川外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H146.3

【相似文献】