《元朝秘史》动词研究

发布时间：2019-07-04 09:20

【摘要】：《元朝秘史》作为最重要的蒙古学文献之一,内容涉及到十三世纪蒙古族历史、语言、文学、宗教、社会学等诸多领域,被誉为十三世纪的草原百科全书。关于它的研究,已经发展成为一个国际性的学术领域——秘史学。本论文分为以下四章,在前人研究的基础上,针对其蒙古文原文缺失的特点,通过校勘、复原、翻译,对《元朝秘史》动词展开研究。第一章:《元朝秘史》动词概述。本章通过动词的界定、分类,梳理前人研究中对蒙古语发展阶段的划分,总结中古蒙古语动词特点。《元朝秘史》的语言属于中古时期的蒙古语(使用畏兀体蒙古文),本章参照同一时期以及稍后的其他蒙古语文献,归纳《元朝秘史》动词的界定及分类。第二章:《元朝秘史》简单动词的界定以及“亦列”个案研究。本章通过《元朝秘史》简单动词的界定,简单动词“亦列”的校勘、复原、翻译以及与同时期蒙古文文献的“亦列-”,与现代蒙古语中的“亦列-”作比较研究,得出《元朝秘史》中时常混用“亦列”“亦舌列”,二者其实是不同的简单动词。第三章:《元朝秘史》派生动词的界定以及动词“脱舌列-”的变化形式个案研究。本章将《元朝秘史》派生动词的界定与派生动词“脱舌列-”的变化形式的校勘、复原、翻译与同时期蒙古文文献中的派生动词进行比较,发现《元朝秘史》以外,几乎没有表示女性单数的“-毕”-bi的例子,认为《元朝秘史》中派生动词“脱舌列-”是同一种意义的不同表达方式,而在现代蒙古语中只保留了“脱舌列罢”“脱舌列克先”的表达方式。第四章:《元朝秘史》助动词的界定以及“阿-/不-”和“摆亦-/孛勒-”个案研究。本章将《元朝秘史》中的助动词与现代蒙古语助动词进行比较,发现助动词“阿-/不-”和“摆亦-/孛勒-”是《元朝秘史》中共存的两组助动词,在现代蒙古语中,“摆亦-/孛勒-”仍然被广泛使用,而“阿-/不-”几乎不再使用。
[Abstract]:As one of the most important Mongolian documents, the Secret History of Yuan Dynasty involves Mongolian history, language, literature, religion, sociology and many other fields in the 13th century. It is known as the grassland encyclopedia of the 13th century. The research on it has developed into an international academic field-secret historiography. This thesis is divided into the following four chapters. On the basis of previous studies, according to the characteristics of the lack of Mongolian original text, through collation, restoration and translation, the verb of the Secret History of Yuan Dynasty is studied. Chapter one: an overview of verbs in the Secret History of Yuan Dynasty. Through the definition and classification of verbs, this chapter combs the division of Mongolian development stage in previous studies, and summarizes the characteristics of Middle Mongolian verbs. The language of Yuan Dynasty Secret History belongs to Mongolian in Middle Ancient period (using vile Mongolian). This chapter summarizes the definition and classification of Yuan Dynasty Secret History verbs with reference to the same period and other Mongolian literature later. The second chapter: the definition of simple verbs in the Secret History of Yuan Dynasty and the case study of "also listing". Through the definition of simple verbs in the Secret History of Yuan Dynasty, the collation, restoration and translation of simple verbs "also listed", as well as the comparative study with "also list -" in Mongolian literature in the same period, and the comparison with "also list -" in modern Mongolian, it is concluded that the two verbs are actually different in the secret history of Yuan Dynasty. Chapter three: the definition of derived verbs in the Secret History of Yuan Dynasty and the case study of the changing forms of verbs "de-lingual column -". This chapter compares the definition of derived verbs in the Secret History of Yuan Dynasty with the collation, restoration and translation of derived verbs in Mongolian literature in the same period. It is found that there are few examples of female singular "- Bi"-bi in the Secret History of Yuan Dynasty, and it is considered that the derived verb "de-lingual column -" in the Secret History of Yuan Dynasty is a different expression of the same meaning. In modern Mongolian, only the expression of "tongue-free list" and "tongue-free Leke first" is retained. Chapter IV: the definition of auxiliary verbs in the Secret History of Yuan Dynasty and the case study of "A-/ no -" and "Pai Yi-/ polle -". This chapter compares the auxiliary verbs in the Secret History of the Yuan Dynasty with the modern Mongolian auxiliary verbs, and finds that the auxiliary verbs "A-/ no -" and "Pai Yi-/ Polle -" are two sets of auxiliary verbs that coexist in the Secret History of the Yuan Dynasty. In modern Mongolian, "Pai Yi-/ Polle -" is still widely used, while "A-/ no -" is almost no longer used.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H212

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