《我们看不见的光》的生态批评阐释

发布时间：2018-01-09 04:30

本文关键词：《我们看不见的光》的生态批评阐释　出处：《四川师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：安东尼·多尔是当代美国文坛的后起之秀,其著作颇丰,内容多涉及人类道德伦理、神秘的自然世界以及人与自然关系等议题。自2002年出版处女作《拾贝壳的人》起,多尔已推出两部短篇小说集、两部长篇小说和一部回忆录,其巅峰之作便是《我们看不见的光》。此书是他耗时十年的长篇巨著,自出版便广受欢迎,并斩获2015年“普利策奖”。该著借二战中平凡人的生存困境反思战争与科技的本质,重新审视人与自然的复杂关系。目前评论者们仅关注其中的创作背景、写作手法和主题分析等方面,却鲜少有人从生态角度解读,但其中涉及诸多自然描写,蕴含独特的生态思想。本文试透过生态批评视野对该著进行细致分析,以阐明作品中蕴含的生态思想。本文共分五章。第一章是绪论,笔者先对多尔和《我们看不见的光》进行简要介绍,然后梳理作者和作品的国内外研究现状,并阐明研究方法,回顾生态批评理论发展的两个阶段,重点介绍社会生态学和生态女性主义。第二章主要分析多尔生态意识的社会根源。他的生态意识来源于他独特的人生经历、科技迅速发展的社会背景和对超验主义的继承。第三章解读战争中的生态危机。多尔笔下的战争是人类的噩梦,它不仅破坏巴黎和圣马洛的自然生态,还使个体的精神生态变得异化。第四章探寻生态危机的社会根源。不平等的人际关系导致生态危机的爆发,人对人的操控决定自然被统治的命运,而科技则在其中扮演重要角色。纳粹军官冯·伦佩尔是不平等的人际关系的代表,他为满足一己私利,将魔爪伸向无辜的人群和自然。而维尔纳与《海底两万里》则是科技的载体,多尔借二者探讨科技与伦理的关系,重新界定科技的本质。第五章从生态女性主义的视角出发,揭示女性与自然的密切关系,并探寻人与自然和谐相处的途径。多尔塑造两位自然之母——埃莱娜夫人和马内科太太,她们慈爱、包容,养育众人,或是成为自我牺牲的家庭看护者,或是在男性的压迫下愤然反抗。同时,多尔还塑造了一位自然之女——玛丽洛尔,她是自然的守护者,与自然有密切的联系,并引导处在精神危机中的维尔纳回归自然。结语部分则在前文的基础上总结作品中的生态思想:放下贪婪,告别战争,与他人和谐相处,效仿女性拥抱自然,回归自然,只有这样才能摆脱生态危机。
[Abstract]:Anthony Dole is a rising star in contemporary American literature. He has written a lot about human morality and ethics. Topics such as the mysterious natural world and the relationship between man and nature. Since 2002 when he published his first work, the Man who collected Shell, Dole has produced two collections of short stories, two novels and one memoir. His masterpiece is the Light that we can't see. It's a decade of his masterpiece and has been popular ever since it was published. He won the Pulitzer Prize in 2015. It is time to reflect on the nature of war and technology through the plight of ordinary people in World War II. Reexamine the complex relationship between man and nature. At present, critics only pay attention to the creative background, writing techniques and thematic analysis, but few people from an ecological perspective, but involving a lot of natural description. This paper tries to make a detailed analysis of the book through the perspective of ecological criticism in order to clarify the ecological thoughts contained in the works. This paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is the introduction. The author first briefly introduces Dole and "the Light that we can't see", then combs the domestic and foreign research status of the author and the works, clarifies the research methods, and reviews the two stages of the development of the ecological criticism theory. The second chapter mainly analyzes the social origin of Dole's ecological consciousness. His ecological consciousness comes from his unique life experience. The social background of the rapid development of science and technology and the inheritance of transcendentalism. The third chapter explains the ecological crisis in the war. Dole's war is the nightmare of mankind, it not only destroys the natural ecology of Paris and Saint Marlowe. Chapter 4th explores the social root of ecological crisis. Unequal interpersonal relationship leads to the outbreak of ecological crisis, and the manipulation of human beings determines the fate of natural domination. And technology plays an important role. Nazi officer von Lemper is the representative of unequal relationships that serve his own interests. Extend the claw to innocent people and nature. Werner and the Sea floor 20,000 are carriers of technology, and Doll explores the relationship between technology and ethics. Chapter 5th reveals the close relationship between women and nature from the perspective of ecological feminism. And explore ways to live in harmony with nature. Dole shapes the mother of nature, Mrs. Helene and Mrs. Ma, who are loving, tolerant, nurturing, or self-sacrificing family carers. Or revolt under the oppression of men. At the same time, Doll created a daughter of nature, Marilore, who is the guardian of nature and has a close connection with it. The conclusion part summarizes the ecological thoughts in the works: put aside greed, bid farewell to war, live in harmony with others, and emulate women to embrace nature. Return to nature, only in this way can get rid of ecological crisis.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I712.074

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