论狄更斯小说创作的情感教育倾向

发布时间：2018-01-10 20:27

本文关键词：论狄更斯小说创作的情感教育倾向　出处：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：狄更斯是十九世纪伟大的小说家,在欧洲文学史上占有重要地位,与巴尔扎克、托尔斯泰等人齐名。其长篇小说乃批判现实力作,以锐利眼光透视社会生活,针砭时弊维多利亚时期世风日下、道德沦丧的社会现象,揭露资本主义社会的种种罪恶。他的著名作品《雾都孤儿》《大卫·科波菲尔》《董贝父子》《小杜丽》《艰难时世》《远大前程》等流露出的情感教育倾向,是以文学力量改造人、完善人的最有力武器,不仅描写青年人的成长成熟过程,也展现资本家、实业家等唯利是图的成年人之品行转变。本文以狄更斯的长篇小说为主体,在把握情感教育广义内涵的基础上,结合维多利亚时期的社会风貌进行文本分析,以探究倾向来源和艺术特色,及其具有的极高普适性的现实价值。论文主体分为四章:第一章,介绍十九世纪西方现实主义小说的教育倾向。借助论述文明社会中个体健康成长的必然性引出文学作品中教育倾向之重要性,包括完善人格、塑造品行等;通过梳理十八、十九世纪相关作品,包括《潘登尼斯》《情感教育》《无名的裘德》《爱的教育》等,总结教育小说之狭义内涵与广义内涵,再将狄更斯的创作与之比较,突出其作品中情感教育倾向对广义内涵的践行及独特性。第二章,叙述情感教育倾向在狄更斯作品中的具体呈现。对良知回归者、品质低劣者和道德中坚者等角色之不同人生历程进行展现,体现狄氏爱憎分明的创作特点。情感教育倾向是其从道德角度批判社会生活的最有力武器,通过善恶有报的结局和创作风格,他鼓励民众与人为善,唾弃拜金虚伪风潮;激发人性的正能量,为社会和谐贡献力量。第三章,阐释狄更斯情感教育倾向艺术表现的主要特点。结合文本分析可以看出,作者热衷于将情感世界外化于相貌和语言,使得角色相由心生、心口合一;并善于运用夸张的风格和诙谐的描写把人物和情节的突出特点无限放大,产生强烈艺术效果,具有极大感染力;因其自身经历的曲折性和复杂性,作品既充满对穷人的关爱,也流露出渴望调和阶级矛盾的博爱思想。第四章,探究狄更斯小说创作中情感教育倾向的产生原因。虚伪道德泛滥、功利主义流行的维多利亚时代是作品产生的土壤;而流行于当时的人道主义文学创作风格则是该倾向的催化剂;丰富的个人经历和温良坚强的个性促使他成为一个资产阶级的人道主义作家。对声誉和金钱的渴望驱动其创作迎合大众口味,以情感教育赚取温情的眼泪和大笔财富。狄更斯人道博爱的情感教育倾向,激发人性正能量,呼吁民众以人性相待,建立良好的人际关系,能够帮助当今社会缓和矛盾,营造和谐氛围。
[Abstract]:In 19th century, Dickens was a great novelist who played an important role in the history of European literature, and was as famous as Balzac and Tolstoy. The social phenomenon of moral decline in Victorian period. Exposing the evils of capitalist society. His famous work Orphan of Whew, "David Copperfield," "Dombey and the son," "Dolly, Jr.," "hard times," "Great expectations," and other emotional educational tendencies. It is the most powerful weapon to transform and perfect people with the power of literature. It not only describes the growth and maturity of young people, but also shows the capitalists. This article takes Dickens' novels as the main body, on the basis of grasping the broad connotation of emotional education, combining with the Victorian social style to carry on the text analysis. In order to explore the source of inclination and artistic characteristics, and its extremely high universality of practical value. The main body of the paper is divided into four chapters: chapter one. This paper introduces the educational tendency of western realistic novels in 19th century. By discussing the inevitability of the healthy growth of individuals in civilized society, the importance of educational tendency in literary works is derived, including the perfection of personality and the shaping of moral character. Through combing relevant works in 18 and 19th century, including "Pandennis", "emotional Education", "Jude the unknown" and "Education of Love", the narrow and broad connotations of educational novels are summarized. Then compare Dickens' creation with it to highlight the practice and uniqueness of emotional education tendency to broad connotation in his works. The second chapter describes the specific presentation of emotional education tendency in Dickens' works and the return of conscience. The different life course of the inferior and the moral backbone shows the distinct creative characteristics of Dixie's love and abhorrence. The tendency of emotional education is the most powerful weapon to criticize the social life from the moral point of view. Through the ending and writing style of good and evil, he encouraged the people to be kind to others and spurned the hypocrisy of worshipping money. Stimulate the positive energy of human nature, contribute to social harmony. Chapter three, explain the main characteristics of Dickens' emotional education tendency of artistic expression, combined with text analysis can be seen. The author is keen to externalize the emotional world into appearance and language, so that the characters are born from the heart and the heart in one; And good at using exaggerated style and witty description of the characters and plot of the outstanding characteristics of unlimited amplification, to produce a strong artistic effect, with great appeal; Because of the tortuous and complex nature of his own experience, the work is full of love for the poor, but also reveals a desire to reconcile class contradictions of fraternity. 4th chapter. This paper explores the causes of the tendency of emotional education in Dickens' novel creation. The Victorian age of the prevalence of hypocrisy and utilitarianism is the soil for the creation of the works. The popular humanitarian literary writing style was the catalyst of this tendency. His rich personal experience and gentle and strong personality made him a bourgeois humanitarian writer. His desire for fame and money drove his creation to meet the needs of the masses. With emotional education to earn warm tears and a lot of wealth. Dickens' humanistic and fraternal emotional education tendency, stimulate the positive energy of human nature, appeal to the public to treat each other with humanity, to establish good interpersonal relations. Can help the society to ease the contradictions and create a harmonious atmosphere.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I561.074

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