《少年Pi的奇幻漂流》中主人公Pi的生态观解析

发布时间：2018-03-21 00:27

本文选题：《少年Pi的奇幻漂流》　切入点：Pi的生态观　出处：《辽宁大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：2001年加拿大作家扬·马特尔的《少年Pi的奇幻漂流》正式出版,并于2002年获得英国布克奖。这部小说讲述了印度男孩Pi和一只成年孟加拉虎在太平洋漂流227天的故事。2012年,李安导演将其拍成同名电影,引起了社会各方的关注,同时李安导演也凭借该电影获得奥斯卡最佳导演奖项。自获奖以来,国内外的学者开始从不同的角度对影片和其原著进行解读,为之后的相关研究提供了研究素材和经验借鉴。随着科技的发展,人类生活发生了翻天覆地的变化。然而伴随丰富的物质生活而来的却是频发的生态危机。为了改变生活现状并营造和谐的生态环境,许多学者通过文学作品来唤醒人们的生态意识。在小说《少年Pi的奇幻漂流》中,作者扬·马特尔讲述了主人公Pi的生活经历,并借此向读者展现了自然中不和谐的现象,令人深思。本文拟从主人公Pi的成长经历入手,重点探讨他的生态观的发展变化,分析小说中所体现的生态批评思想对解决现代社会中存在的生态危机的启示,并提出回归自然、回归社会、回归自我是解决当前生态危机的重要途径。全文共分为六个部分。导论部分包括小说《少年Pi的奇幻漂流》和作者扬·马特尔的简介以及本论文的研究目的,进而引入正题部分的研究。第一章是文献综述。这一部分对国内外学者关于该小说的研究成果进行简要概述,主要包括一些学者对小说多样化主题的研究,例如小说中所反映的现代精神,宗教信仰和人与动物之间的关系。第二章简要介绍了生态批评理论和其在小说中的运用。生态批评尝试探讨文学与自然之间的关系,倡导人类回归人与自然的和谐,对解决现代社会中出现的生态问题影响重大。小说所展现的生态问题与生态批评理论的三个方面即自然生态、社会生态以及精神生态相契合,这不仅体现了作者对人与自然之间关系的重视,也说明了运用生态批评理论分析该小说的可行性。第三章具体讨论了主人公Pi的生态观的形成。整个过程包括三个时期:童年时期,海上漂流时期和成年时期。Pi成长于动物园,这样的成长环境对他影响重大。在童年Pi的眼中,动物园是个王国,在那里他享受着与动物相处的每一天,同时他也懵懂地感受到人与自然和谐相处的乐趣。然而,在“齐姆楚姆”号沉没后,Pi的家人离开了他,只留他和老虎帕克在一条救生船上。为了生存,Pi不断改变自己,凭借顽强的意志克服生理上和心理上的困难,最终成功获救。在艰苦的漂流生活中,Pi意识到自然不仅仅是他所看到的那样,它还有自己并不了解的一面,而人类在自然面前又是如此渺小,因此唯有敬畏自然人类才能得以生存。在得救不久以后,Pi开始了他的新生活并形成了自己独特的、更加成熟的生态观。受过去生活的影响,Pi在大学主修动物学和宗教学。这两门学科分别属于自然和人文精神领域,同时也代表了Pi对自然生态和精神生态的关注。第四章分析了小说中的生态启示,分为两部分。第一部分讲述了产生现代社会生态危机的原因。第二部分探讨了小说的生态启示,呼吁读者回归自然并建设和谐美好的生态环境。而整个生态环境是由自然生态、社会生态和精神生态组成的,因而回归自然不仅包括回归人与自然之间的平衡,同时也包括回归人与他人,人与自我之间的平衡。结尾部分是对本文主要观点的总结。该部分梳理了小说主人公的三个成长阶段,概括了解决人类社会中异化现象的途径,强调人类回归自然的必要性,并倡导坚持人与自然的和谐发展才是现代社会人类的最终追求。
[Abstract]:The 2001 Canadian writer Jan Martel's "life of Pi published, and won the Booker Prize in 2002. The novel tells the India boys Pi and an adult Bengal tiger in the Pacific 227 days adrift story.2012, director Ang Lee to be a movie with the same name, has aroused the attention of all parties, at the same time with the film director Ang Lee also won the Oscar for Best Director Award. Since the award since, domestic and foreign scholars began to interpret the original film and from different angles, provides research material and experience for the following relevant research. With the development of science and technology, happened to turn the world upside down the change in human life. However, the ecological crisis and with the rich material life is frequent. In order to change the situation and create a harmonious ecological environment, many scholars through literary works to arouse people's health State of consciousness. In the novel "life of Pi", author Jan Martel tells the protagonist Pi's life experience, and to show readers the unharmonious phenomena in nature, thought-provoking. This paper from the protagonist Pi's growing experience with focus on the development of his ecological concept, thought to solve the ecological crisis in modern society as the inspiration of ecological analysis embodied in the novel criticism, and put forward the return to nature, return to society, return to the self is an important approach to solve the ecological crisis. This paper is divided into six parts. The introduction part includes a novel "life of Pi" and author Jan Martel introduction and research the purpose of this thesis, and then introduce the research on the part. The first chapter is literature review. This part provides a brief overview of the domestic and foreign scholars on the novel research results, including some The theme of the study of novel diversification, as reflected in the novel of modern spirit, the relationship between religion and human and animal. The second chapter briefly introduces the theory of ecological criticism and its application in the novel. The ecological criticism attempts to explore the relationship between literature and nature, advocating the return of human harmony between man and nature to solve the ecological problems in modern society are significant. The three aspects of theory of ecological problems and ecological criticism of the novel shows that the natural ecology, social ecology and spiritual ecology fit, which not only reflects the importance of the relationship between man and nature, it also shows that using the feasibility analysis of the theory of the ecological criticism of the novel. The third chapter discusses the ecological protagonist Pi's view of the formation. The whole process includes three stages: childhood, drifting and adults during the period of.Pi growth in the animal park. The growth environment of great influence on him. In the eyes of childhood Pi, the zoo is a kingdom, where he enjoyed a relationship with the animal every day, and he is ignorant to feel the harmony between man and nature of the fun. However, in the "Zim zum" after the sinking, the Pi family left him he only left, and tiger Parke in a lifeboat. In order to survive, Pi constantly change themselves, strong will to overcome the physical and psychological difficulties, eventually rescued. In hard drifting life, Pi realized that nature is not just what he saw it, and I don't understand it the human side, and in the face of nature is so small, so only the fear of human nature in order to survive. In saved soon after, Pi began his new life and formed its own unique ecological view, more mature. Influenced by the past life, Pi major in animal science at the University and religion. The two subjects belonging to the natural and humanistic spirit, also represents the Pi concern about natural ecology and spiritual ecology. The fourth chapter analyzes the ecological implications in the novel, is divided into two parts. The first part describes the causes of ecological crisis in modern society. The second part discusses the Enlightenment of ecological novels, urged readers to return to nature and build a harmonious and beautiful ecological environment. The ecological environment is the natural ecology, social ecology and spiritual ecology. Therefore, natural regression includes not only the balance between humans and nature, but also including regression and others, between man and self balance. At the end part of the main opinions of the paper. This part reviews the three stages of the protagonist, summed up the way to solve the alienation phenomenon in the human society, emphasizing the human back The necessity of returning to nature and advocating the harmonious development of man and nature are the ultimate pursuit of human beings in modern society.

【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I711.074

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