自由与进化——《法国中尉的女人》中的进化叙事与存在主义主题

发布时间：2018-03-31 23:11

本文选题：福尔斯　切入点：《法国中尉的女人》　出处：《外国文学》2016年02期

【摘要】：约翰·福尔斯的小说《法国中尉的女人》自出版以来一直被视为存在主义哲学的文学诠释和形象图解。从存在主义哲学视角对小说展开的论述数量众多,但对小说中的进化叙事和达尔文主义主题的讨论却为数不多。本文尝试从"新维多利亚小说"的角度入手,阐述福尔斯如何将存在主义自由主题的表达与对19世纪进化主题的思考相互结合,从而实现对历史的反思性再现。本文认为,福尔斯将关于进化的历史文本嵌于存在主义语境之中,赋予人物以能动地适应环境的能力,这种能动适应性正是进化过程中创造性的由来,它表明人类的情感和意志会在某些时刻超越进化过程中那些决定性力量的影响,成为自己生活的创造者,而这正是个体自由的由来。
[Abstract]:John Fowles' novel, "the woman of the French Lieutenant", has been regarded as a literary interpretation and graphic illustration of existentialist philosophy since its publication. However, there are few discussions on evolutionary narration and Darwinian themes in the novel. This paper expounds how Fowles combines the expression of existentialism freedom theme with his thinking on the theme of evolution in the 19th century, so as to realize the reflective reappearance of history. Fowles embedded the historical text of evolution in the existentialist context and endowed the characters with the ability to adapt to the environment in a dynamic manner. This dynamic adaptability is the origin of creativity in the process of evolution. It shows that human emotions and will can at some point transcend the influence of those decisive forces in the course of evolution and become the creators of their own lives, which is the origin of individual freedom.
【作者单位】：对外经济贸易大学英语学院;
【基金】：对外经济贸易大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(14JQ06) 教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助(NCET-11-0620)
【分类号】：I561.074

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