《忽必烈汗》中浪漫主义东方元素解读

发布时间：2018-04-01 06:59

  本文选题：浪漫主义东方　切入点：《忽必烈汗》　出处：《浙江财经大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：英国浪漫主义文学代表了19世纪欧洲文学史的最高成就,其显著特点是感情自然流露、情感源于静谧、想象力驰骋不羁,而对神秘异国情调的向往更使其标新立异、亦使浪漫主义东方在浪漫主义文学之林中独树一帜。塞缪尔·泰勒·柯尔律治因其在形而上的研习、上帝启示的冥思以及诗学的真知灼见,而在英国乃至世界文学史上蜚声遐迩。同时他对神秘东方浓烈的兴趣,亦使其脱颖而出,其诗歌《忽必烈汗》更是东方与梦境结合的经典之作。身处社会之中,浪漫主义诗人不可能独善其身,同样柯尔律治亦不能避世而行,所以将文本置于历史语境、从新历史主义角度出发研究《忽必烈汗》中浪漫主义东方元素显得至关重要。于浪漫主义诗人而言,浪漫主义时期工业革命与法国革命的纷至沓来,严重摧毁了其灵感载体的自然,并挫败了其构建理想世界的希冀,最终陷入意识形态之囹圄。意识形态的混乱使得寻找新的媒介、建立新的超验世界迫在眉睫。而此时风靡英国且极具神秘特性的东方文化恰逢其时地为浪漫主义诗人的哲学、宗教、社会和谐多元发展提供了媒介,致使浪漫主义东方的出现具有必然性。《忽必烈汗》因其浓郁的异国情调而驰名中外。首先,极具东方色彩的诗歌题目“忽必烈汗”不仅引领全诗,更被置于标题之位使全诗笼罩于浓郁的东方意境之下。其次,诗歌中呈现了一副意象苍茫幽邃、地势错落有致的自然及人造景观,这一园林景象与中国园林设计观念如出一辙。同时诗中深不见底的洞穴、不见天日的海洋以及对自然景观与人造景观的精准描述凸显了东方意象的无限性,正是这一无限性为柯尔律治建立多元和谐社会提供了可能性。柯尔律治本身亦与极具神秘异国情调的东方密不可分。首先,鸦片这一东方产物在一定程度上缓解了柯氏疾病的疼痛,使其感官更为敏锐,亦使其诗学素材更为崇高。其次,柯氏秉持着对清朝三拜九叩之礼的批判态度,并视之为清政府专权暴政的象征。此外,贯穿柯氏诗学始终的“同一”哲学思想观又与东方哲学所崇尚的“和谐统一”异曲同工,两者皆强调世间万物的和谐统一。论文以新历史主义批评方法对柯氏超自然诗歌《忽必烈汗》所表现的浓郁的东方文化色彩进行研究,深入理解和正确解读柯尔律治等浪漫主义诗人的东方情结。论文认为英国浪漫主义文学中的东方元素表现是历史与文学互文关系的自然结果,《忽必烈汗》中的意象及主题完美地呈现了英国浪漫主义东方色彩,柯尔律治对东方文化的情感是复杂和矛盾的:迷恋又疑惑,而贯穿柯氏诗学的自然哲学观和对“同一性”和谐整体的毕生追求与中国传统的生态哲学观具有本质上的一致性。
[Abstract]:British Romantic Literature represents the highest achievement in the history of European literature in the 19th century. Its remarkable characteristics are natural emotion, which originates from tranquility and unrestrained imagination, and its yearning for mysterious and exotic sentiment makes it more innovative. It also makes Romantic Orient unique in the realm of Romantic Literature. Samuel Taylor Coleridge, for his metaphysical study, the meditation of God's revelation, and the insight of poetics, At the same time, his strong interest in the mysterious Orient also made him stand out. His poem Kublai Khan is a classic combination of the East and the Dream. Romantic poets cannot be left alone, nor can Coleridge escape from the world, so he puts the text in the historical context. From the perspective of new historicism, it is very important to study the Eastern elements of Romanticism in Kublai Khan. To romantic poets, the industrial revolution and the French revolution of the Romantic period have poured in. Seriously destroying the nature of its medium of inspiration and thwarting its desire to build an ideal world, and finally falling into ideological prison. The confusion of ideology has led to the search for new media, It is urgent to build a new transcendental world. At this time, the popular and mysterious oriental culture provides the medium for the harmonious and pluralistic development of Romantic poets' philosophy, religion and society. The emergence of romanticism in the East is inevitable. "Kublai Khan" is famous both at home and abroad for its strong exotic atmosphere. First of all, the poem title "Kublai Khan", which has an oriental color, not only leads the whole poem, Placed in the title position, the whole poem is enveloped in a rich oriental mood. Secondly, the poem presents an image of a deep, scattered natural and artificial landscape. This landscape is similar to the concept of Chinese garden design. At the same time, the cave with no bottom in the poem, the ocean in the sky and the precise description of the natural and artificial landscape highlight the infinity of the eastern image. It is this infinity that makes it possible for Coleridge to build a pluralistic and harmonious society. Coleridge itself is inextricably linked to the orient, which is very mysterious and exotic. Opium, an oriental product, to some extent alleviated the pain of Koch's disease, sharpened its senses and made its poetic materials more sublime. And regarded it as the symbol of the dictatorship and tyranny of the Qing government. In addition, the "same" philosophy, which runs through Koch's poetics, is similar to the "harmony and unity" advocated by oriental philosophy. Both of them emphasize the harmony and unity of everything in the world. This paper studies the rich oriental culture color of Kublai Khan, a supernatural poem by Kublai Khan, with the method of new historicism criticism. Understanding and correctly interpreting the oriental complex of Romantic poets such as Coleridge. The paper holds that the expression of oriental elements in English Romantic literature is the natural result of the intertextuality between history and literature, and the meaning of Kublai Khan. The images and themes perfectly present the oriental color of British Romanticism. Coleridge's emotion towards oriental culture is complicated and contradictory: infatuation and doubt, and the natural philosophy that runs through Koch's poetics and his lifelong pursuit of "identity" as a harmonious whole are essentially consistent with Chinese traditional ecological philosophy.
【学位授予单位】：浙江财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I561.072

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