食肉成“性”的布鲁姆——论《尤利西斯》中乔伊斯的反素食主义立场

发布时间：2018-04-09 12:03

本文选题：乔伊斯　切入点：《尤利西斯》　出处：《外国文学评论》2016年02期

【摘要】：因为19世纪中叶发生的爱尔兰大饥荒对英国经济的影响以及起源于19世纪末并产生了广泛影响的社会净化运动,素食主义运动在英国大行其道。《尤利西斯》中布鲁姆的肉食主义一方面与素食主义节食弃肉的根本观点相抵牾,揭示了素食主义作为一套隐匿的意识形态话语实际上掩饰了大饥荒带来的食物匮乏和营养不良所造成的爱尔兰工人阶级生活水平更加低下的社会事实,另一方面又与社会净化运动拒绝肉食以净化身体、消除性欲并最终提高社会道德水平的主张背道而驰,揭示了社会净化运动与素食主义合谋抹杀人性的企图。乔伊斯将布鲁姆塑造为一个专吃家禽下水的肉食者形象,一则出于对贫穷困顿的亲身体悟以及对大饥荒之后生活举步维艰、生存岌岌可危的爱尔兰同胞的深刻同情,二则出于不满极端的社会净化运动导致严苛无比的出版审查制度,由此较为鲜明地表达了其反素食主义的立场。
[Abstract]:Because of the impact of the Irish famine in the middle of the 19th century on the British economy and the social cleansing movement that originated in the late 19th century and had a widespread impact,The vegetarianism movement has flourished in Britain. Bloom's carnivorous doctrine, on the one hand, contradicts the fundamental idea of vegetarianism on the one hand, and forgoing meat, on the other.It reveals that vegetarianism, as a hidden ideological discourse, actually masks the fact that the food shortage and malnutrition caused by the Great Famine have led to lower living standards among the working class in Ireland.On the other hand, it runs counter to the idea that the social purification movement refuses meat to purify the body, eliminates the sexual desire and raises the social moral level, which reveals the attempt of the social purification movement and vegetarianism to destroy human nature.Joyce portrays Bloom as a meat eater who specializes in eating poultry, for one thing out of personal understanding of poverty and deep sympathy for his fellow Irish countrymen who have struggled to survive after the Great Famine.Second, the extreme social purification movement led to a rigorous censorship system, which clearly expressed its position against vegetarianism.
【作者单位】：重庆邮电大学外国语学院;
【基金】：2014年度国家社科基金项目“当代西方文论范式转换中的文学性研究”(14XWW001)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：I562.074

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