阿赫玛托娃早期抒情诗中的叙事性

发布时间：2018-04-10 10:01

本文选题：阿赫玛托娃　切入点：叙事性　出处：《北京外国语大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：安娜·阿赫玛托娃(AHHa AHлpеевна AхMаTOBа,1889-1966)是俄国白银时代的著名女诗人,阿克梅派的代表人物之一。诗人的早期(1912到1923年间)作品多以抒情短诗为主,因描写少女情怀和爱情经历而被认为主题狭窄,被称作"室内抒情诗"。晚期(1935年之后)诗人转向了叙事长诗的写作。这不仅仅是体量上的增长,也是诗人文学空间的扩大,更是其内心空间的充盈。阿赫玛托娃诗歌中叙事性的特点,一开始就被她的好友曼德尔施塔姆(OсипMанделльштам)注意到。他认为阿赫玛托娃的作品来源于十九世纪的小说而非诗歌,具有散文的特征。然而,在大多数评论家那里,不是过于强调阿赫玛托娃的形式和语言风格,就是偏重其后期宏大的主题和对时代的记录,尤其在中文的研究文献中,还鲜有针对其早期作品中的叙事性特点做专门研究的成果。既然我们已经知道,阿赫玛托娃的诗歌具有散文式的语言、戏剧式的情节和小说式的心理等具有叙事性的特点,因此,我们有必要讨论阿赫玛托娃作品中的这些特点是如何运作的。本文选择阿赫玛托娃的早期作品作为研究对象,一是因为诗人在早期阶段处于阿克梅派理论和实践的框架之中,便于我们以阿克梅派其他诗人的观点和理念作为创作理论的参照进行探讨;二是因为其早期作品主要是短诗的形式,而我们所要研究的正是诗人如何使用叙事性手法在抒情短诗的狭小空间中构建出巨大的精神空间。本文的研究目的是考察作为一种话语形式的叙事性对诗歌结构的作用是什么样的和如何发生的,着重从文本的内部入手,分别从时间和空间这两个角度研究文本的叙事性特征。首先研究诗歌文本的时间层面,从声音与情节两方面探讨诗歌抒情与叙事的节奏;然后,从诗歌的空间层面,探讨叙事性对诗歌空间建构的作用,事件性与叙事性密不可分,阿赫玛托娃擅长在狭窄的诗歌中选取事件最高潮的部分,使之成为诗歌空间结构中的重要支撑。而空间中也有权力关系,但是这种关系产生的张力感却不至于使诗歌的整体结构四分五裂。最后,诗人的叙事从"室内"走向"室外",从私有空间转向公共空间,从个体记忆的叙事走向集体记忆的叙事。语言观念的转变代表的是信仰发生的颠覆,阿赫玛托娃的诗歌是时代的记录,是俄国文化记忆的书写。
[Abstract]:An Na Ahmadova TOB (1889-1966) is a famous poet in the silver era of Russia and one of the representative figures of Akemite school.From 1912 to 1923, the poet's works were mainly lyric short poems, which were regarded as narrow themes because of the description of teenage girls' feelings and love experiences, and they were called "indoor lyric poems".Late (after 1935) poets turned to the writing of long narrative poems.This is not only the growth of the volume, but also the expansion of the poet's literary space and the filling of his inner space.The narrative characteristics of Ahmadova's poems were noticed by her good friend Mandelstam from the beginning.He believed that Ahmadova's works originated from novels rather than poems in the nineteenth century and had the characteristics of prose.However, in most critics, either too much emphasis is placed on Ahmadova's form and language style, or emphasis is placed on his later grand themes and a record of the times, especially in the Chinese literature.There are few achievements of special research on the narrative characteristics of his early works.Now that we already know that Ahmadova's poetry has the characteristics of prose language, dramatic plot and fictional psychology, so,We need to discuss how these features work in Ahmadova's works.This paper chooses Ahmadova's early works as the research object. Firstly, the poet is in the frame of Akemite theory and practice in the early stage.It is convenient for us to use the views and ideas of other Akemite poets as the reference to the creative theory; second, because their early works are mainly short poems,What we want to study is how to use narrative techniques to construct a huge spiritual space in the narrow space of lyric poems.The purpose of this paper is to investigate what and how the narratability as a form of discourse acts on the structure of poetry, focusing on the interior of the text and studying the narrative characteristics of the text from the perspectives of time and space.First of all, it studies the time level of poetry text, discusses the lyric and narrative rhythm of poetry from the aspects of voice and plot, and then, from the spatial level of poetry, discusses the function of narrative to the construction of poetry space, which is closely related to event and narration.Ahmadova is good at selecting the climax of the event in the narrow poetry, making it an important support in the poetry spatial structure.There are power relations in space, but the tension produced by this relationship does not break the whole structure of poetry.Finally, the poet's narration moves from "indoor" to "outdoor", from private space to public space, from the narrative of individual memory to the narrative of collective memory.The transformation of linguistic concepts represents the subversion of faith. Ahmadova's poetry is the record of the times and the writing of Russian cultural memory.
【学位授予单位】：北京外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I512.072

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