历史性与虚构性：《转吧，这伟大的世界》的历史元小说解读

发布时间：2018-05-01 20:57

本文选题：科伦·麦凯恩 + 《转吧　；参考：《扬州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：美籍爱尔兰裔作家科伦·麦凯恩(1965-)是当今美国文坛的新起之星,其代表作《转吧,这伟大的世界》,结构精巧,主题深刻,获得2009年美国国家图书奖。小说以无名艺人在世贸双塔间的走钢丝表演和主人公柯里根的车祸为两条主线,串联起来自纽约社会各阶层的十一个形形色色的主要人物,揭示出只有爱和人与人之间的交流才能治愈创伤。本论文以琳达·哈琴的历史元小说为理论依据。历史元小说既强调了小说的自我指涉性,又注重书写被传统文本忽视的多元化声音。《转吧,这伟大的世界》是典型的历史元小说,麦凯恩运用戏仿、互文、多元叙事等写作技巧,挑战客观历史和线性叙事,重构纽约市边缘化人物的别样多元的历史。本论文包括三个部分。第一部分介绍科伦·麦凯恩及其作品《转吧,这伟大的世界》,简要梳理和概括该小说的国内外研究现状,并阐述了琳达·哈琴的历史元小说理论,以及本论文的框架。第二部分分为三章。第一章探讨了麦凯恩如何运用戏仿和互文的写作手法挑战客观历史。小说《转吧,这伟大的世界》戏仿了《圣经》和菲利普·珀蒂的自传《登上云端》,并与《了不起的盖茨比》和《达洛维夫人》互文,通过对该小说的戏仿和互文性分析,揭示出麦凯恩的历史观,即历史具有文本性和虚构性。第二章研究麦凯恩如何采用万花筒般的叙事视角,并置过去与现在的叙事手法,颠覆线性叙事,并从不同视角分析小说两个主要人物——柯里根和无名走钢丝艺人,揭露出叙事的不可靠性。此外,本章还探讨了“9·11”恐怖袭击事件与小说中涉及的其他历史事件之间的关系。“9 · 11”事件造成的创伤具有不可言说性,因此,麦凯恩利用其他历史事件指涉“9 · 11”事件。第三章着重分析了小说如何重构别样多元的历史。本章讨论了纽约的边缘化人物,如地铁涂鸦摄影师,布朗克斯区的黑人妓女和越战中失去儿子的母亲,如何用个人的小历史挑战统一的大历史,还探讨了小说希望和救赎的主题。第三部分为结论。通过以上分析,本文认为麦凯恩运用后现代写作手法,巧妙地融合了真实的历史事件和虚构的小说人物,营造出小说的历史性和虚构性。作为典型的历史元小说,《转吧,这伟大的世界》模糊了历史和小说之间的界限,揭露出被官方历史排除的多元化历史。此外,该小说还为“9·11”事件后困惑的美国人提供了洞见,即只有通过爱和交流,人们才能走出创伤。
[Abstract]:Collen McCain, an Irish American writer, is a new rising star in American literary world. His masterpiece, "turn around, this Great World", is a delicate structure and profound theme, which won the 2009 National Book Award of the United States. The novel, based on the wire walking performance of the nameless artist between the twin towers of the World Trade Organization and the car accident of the hero Corrigan, is a series of eleven major characters from all walks of life in New York City. Reveal that only love and communication between people can heal wounds. This thesis is based on Linda Harqin's historical metafiction. The historical metafiction not only emphasizes the self-referential nature of the novel, but also pays attention to writing the pluralistic voice neglected by the traditional text. (turn around, this Great World) is a typical historical metafiction, in which McCain uses parody and intertextuality. Writing techniques such as multi-narrative challenge objective history and linear narration and reconstruct the other pluralistic history of marginalized characters in New York City. This thesis includes three parts. The first part introduces Collen McCain and his work "turn, this Great World", briefly combs and summarizes the domestic and foreign research status of this novel, and expounds Linda Harqin's historical metafiction theory and the frame of this thesis. The second part is divided into three chapters. The first chapter discusses how McCain challenges the objective history by using parody and intertextuality. The novel "turn around, this Great World" parodies the Bible and Philip Perty's autobiography, and intertextuals with the Great Gatsby and Madame Dalloway, through parody and intertextuality analysis of the novel. It reveals McCain's view of history, that is, history is textual and fictitious. The second chapter studies how McCain adopts the kaleidoscope narrative perspective, combines the past and present narrative techniques, subverts the linear narration, and analyzes the two main characters of the novel-Corrigan and nameless wire walker from different perspectives. Reveal the unreliability of the narrative. In addition, this chapter explores the relationship between the terrorist attacks of 11 September and other historical events in the novel... the trauma caused by the events of 11 September is unspeakable, and therefore, McCain used other historical events to refer to the 9 / 11 incident. The third chapter focuses on how to reconstruct the novel's diverse history. This chapter discusses how marginalized New York people, such as subway graffiti photographers, black prostitutes in the Bronx, and mothers who lost their sons in the Vietnam War, challenge the big history of unity with their own small histories. The theme of hope and redemption is also discussed. The third part is the conclusion. Based on the above analysis, this paper argues that McCain, using postmodern writing techniques, skillfully combines real historical events with fictional characters to create the historical and fictional nature of the novel. As a typical historical metafiction, the great world blurs the line between history and fiction, exposing the pluralistic history excluded by official history. In addition, the novel provides insight to confused Americans after 9 / 11 that only through love and communication can people get out of the trauma.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I712.074

【相似文献】