自由意志的“哑谜”:莎士比亚悲剧中的“反加尔文主义”倾向

发布时间：2018-05-07 11:44

本文选题：莎士比亚 + 悲剧　；参考：《西南民族大学学报(人文社科版)》2016年11期

【摘要】：如著名莎评家布雷德利所言,基督教预定论和自由意志之间的戏剧张力,是莎士比亚悲剧惯常涉及的主题。由于悲剧往往高度凝炼了作者对人生终极追求的严肃思考,论文从自由意志的恩赐、行使和判断三个维度重新审视莎士比亚悲剧的人物命运和主题,发现尽管莎士比亚是在英国国教背景下生活和创作的,他的悲剧里却在很大程度上投射出一种"反加尔文主义"倾向,具体表述为:神的意志和人的意志之间能够彼此调和;对于人而言,通向永生和获得救赎的道路同样既不简单也不明确;人不是因"正当"的善功得救,而是因神恩赐予的"正当"行使的信仰得救。诚然,莎士比亚在作品中时常也流露出一种对追求永生和无限的可能性的犹疑,人与自由意志之间依然存在一个未解的"哑谜",由此又会引发更多的对其宗教信仰的虔诚度的思考和争论。
[Abstract]:As Bradley, a famous commentator, said, the drama tension between Christian predestination and free will is the usual subject of Shakespeare's tragedy. As tragedies often condense the author's serious thinking on the ultimate pursuit of life, the thesis reexamines the fate and theme of Shakespeare's characters from the three dimensions of free will, exercise and judgment. It was found that although Shakespeare lived and created in the context of the Anglican Church, his tragedy to a large extent projected a tendency of "anti-Calvinism", which was specifically expressed as: the will of God and the will of man could be reconciled with each other; The path to eternal life and redemption is neither simple nor clear to man; he is saved not by "just" good work, but by faith in the exercise of "justice" given by God's grace. It is true that Shakespeare often reveals in his works a doubt about the pursuit of immortality and the possibility of infinity, There is still an unsolved riddle between man and free will, which will lead to more religious thoughts and arguments.
【作者单位】：西南大学外国语学院;重庆交通大学外国语学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“拓扑隐喻学理论及其在文学批评中的应用研究”(16BWW001) 重庆交通大学外国语学院科研项目(2016WZ02)阶段性成果
【分类号】：I561.073

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