艾特玛托夫与满都麦生态文学创作比较研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 23:39

本文选题：生态文学 + 艾特玛托夫　；参考：《内蒙古师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着工业文明的发展,生态破坏日益严重并成为全球性问题。越来越多的作家将目光聚集到关注生态破坏上来。由于缺乏对人与自然关系的正确认识,持“人类中心主义”观念,站在人类角度呼吁保护生态环境,收效甚微。而生于自然长于自然的俄罗斯作家艾特玛托夫和中国作家满都麦,则以人与自然平等的生态观来看待生态问题,认为人与自然是互相融合,相生相克的关系。艾特玛托夫是一位影响颇广的俄国生态作家,《白轮船》以独特的视角关怀生态,一出版便轰动了整个俄国文坛,并迅速成为国内外讨论的热点。之后《断头台》、《一日长于百年》等多部小说的问世也取得惊人的效果。满都麦则是中国蒙语生态创作第一人,其作品深深扎根于蒙古族游牧文化的沃土之上,挖掘马背文化。他的写作引领了新时期蒙古族文学的创作流向,许多作品反响热烈,在蒙古文坛引起了不小的轰动。《骏马·苍狼·故乡》《远去的马嘶声》《曾经牧歌荡漾的草原》等多篇小说让人深切体会到作者对自然和人类的关照。论文在引言部分论述生态文学的兴起、在中国和俄罗斯的发展过程以及作家艾特玛托夫和满都麦的生态思想来源。第一部分从取材、内涵和创作手法三方面探讨艾特玛托夫与满都麦生态文学创作的特色。第二部分分析两位作家生态文学创作形成的影响因素。第三部分探讨了两位作家的创作在民族融合背景下保持民族自身特色的意义,对生态文学的意义以及对社会发展和生态意识觉醒的意义。论文主要采用了比较研究、文本研究、文献研究的方法。选择这两位作家进行比较研究的原因是:首先,对外文化交流中中俄文学关系联系最密切,一直以来都备受研究者重视;其次,当今生态问题比较突出,生态文学研究比较适时。再加上俄国生态文学发展由来已久,作品意蕴深刻、震撼心灵;最后,从数量上来说,艾特玛托夫与中国现当代作家比较研究较少,与满都麦的比较研究尚属空缺;相似的自然环境和生态伦理观决定了两位作家的创作有许多相似之处,可比性强。两位作家不仅在控诉人类对自然的破坏行为,而且在探求民族和人类的前景,进行着一种非同凡响的判断。研究少数民族生态作品不仅有助于我们在发展经济的同时更好的保护生态环境,而且能为生态文学注入新鲜血液,同时还有利于引导少数民族文学更好的与主流文学接轨,促进少数民族文学的发展。
[Abstract]:With the development of industrial civilization, ecological destruction becomes more and more serious and becomes a global problem. More and more writers focus their attention on ecological destruction. Due to the lack of a correct understanding of the relationship between man and nature, the concept of "anthropocentrism" and the appeal for the protection of the ecological environment from the human point of view have had little effect. Aitmatov, a Russian writer who was born in nature, and Man du Mai, a Chinese writer, looked at ecological problems from the ecological view of equality between man and nature. Aitmatov is a Russian ecological writer with considerable influence. White steamer cares for ecology from a unique angle of view, which has caused a stir in the whole Russian literary world as soon as it was published, and has quickly become a hot topic of discussion at home and abroad. Later, many novels, such as Guillotine, Day longer than 100 years, also achieved amazing results. Mandumai is the first person in Chinese Mongolian ecological creation whose works are deeply rooted in the fertile soil of Mongolian nomadic culture and excavate the horseback culture. His writing led to the creation of Mongolian literature in the new era, and many of his works received enthusiastic response. It has caused a great sensation in Mongolian literary circles. "Horse Wolf hometown", "gone Horse Hiss", "pastoral prairie" and many other novels deeply appreciate the author's concern for nature and human beings. In the introduction part, the paper discusses the rise of ecological literature, the development process in China and Russia, and the origin of the ecological thoughts of the writers Aitmatov and Man du Mai. The first part discusses the characteristics of Atmatov and Mandumai's ecological literature creation from three aspects: material selection, connotation and creative techniques. The second part analyzes the influence factors of the two writers' ecological literature creation. The third part discusses the significance of the creation of the two writers in the context of ethnic integration to maintain the national characteristics of the meaning of ecological literature and social development and awareness of the significance of ecological awareness. This paper mainly adopts the methods of comparative study, text study and literature study. The reasons for choosing these two writers for comparative study are as follows: first, the relationship between Chinese and Russian literature in foreign cultural exchanges is the most close, which has been attached great importance to by researchers all the time; secondly, the ecological problems are relatively prominent today. The study of ecological literature is more timely. In addition, the development of Russian ecological literature has a long history, the works have profound meaning, shock the soul; finally, in terms of quantity, the comparative study between Atmatov and Chinese modern and contemporary writers is relatively few, and the comparative study with Manchuria is still vacant. The similarity of natural environment and ecological ethics determines that there are many similarities and strong comparability between the two writers. The two writers are not only accusing human beings of destroying nature, but also exploring the future of nations and human beings, making an extraordinary judgment. The study of minority ecological works is not only helpful for us to develop the economy and better protect the ecological environment, but also to inject fresh blood into the ecological literature, and also to guide the ethnic minority literature to better connect with the mainstream literature. To promote the development of ethnic literature.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I106.4-03

【参考文献】