从读者反应批评角度解读《伤心咖啡馆之歌》的孤独主题
发布时间：2018-07-18 17:02
【摘要】：卡森?麦卡勒斯算得上是20世纪美国文学的杰出作家之一,她的作品主要以小说著称,而精神上的孤独与隔绝是她大部分作品的核心所在。《伤心咖啡馆之歌》是其最重要的小说之一,在这部作品中她以其对独特而细腻的笔触讲述了一个寂寞而忧郁的南方小镇上的两男一女之间的三角畸恋。作者以畸形的恋情和扭曲的人性,细致地展现了人与人之间的精神隔绝状态,更是让读者体味到一种绝望和压抑的孤独。国内外学者对该作品的研究主要集中在作品的孤独主题、爱之无能、哥特式色彩、双性同体下的性别意识以及文本的叙事结构和技巧方面。本文虽同样是对作品孤独主题的研究却是立足在读者反应批评理论的基础之上。本文从伊瑟尔读者反应理论入手,分析作品的空白叙述来挖掘出孤独主题的深刻内涵,同时,也试图证明一部好的文学作品必须创造了合适的空白来吸引和召唤读者的阅读,以读者和文本之间顺利的对话,来实现文本的意义。论文分为五个章节。第一章为引言部分,简要介绍卡森麦卡勒斯的生平及文学成就,更是对《伤心咖啡馆之歌》的国内外研究做了综合述评。此外,本章还将梳理读者反应批评的发展脉络,同时将对伊瑟尔读者反应批评理论中空白、文本不无确定性和召唤结构做重点介绍。第二章主要讨论小镇和小镇畸人的塑造。作者在塑造小镇和小镇居民的孤独及怪异的过程中,进行了大量的信息省略,创造了大量的空白,一方面不断引诱读者进行阅读,另一方面更是激发了读者去探寻人物孤单悲惨命运背后的深刻原因。第三章从文本的叙事技巧的运用分析文本的孤独主题。文本中以省略技巧省略了人物的心理活动,同时用旁观者的外视角展现人物的言行,使得人物于读者而言变得怪诞而不可捉摸。而以回环追溯的叙事方式构成一个走不出的,没有未来和尽头的孤独循环,让读者沉浸在孤独之中难以逃脱。第四章立足于小说末尾独立章节的多种阐释来说明读者可以在文本的基础之上结合自身的经验、审美及人生哲学积极地参与文本意义的阐释。小说文本孤独主题的由最初的悲观意义到对孤独的积极的反抗的转变正是读者积极参与文本阐释的结果。第五章是论文的结论部分。本论文认为一部好的文学作品在创作的过程中离不开空白和文本不确定性的创作,只有适度的空白和不确定性才能时刻保持对读者的吸引并积极吸引读者参与文本解读。而文本的意义只有才文本和读者完成了顺利的对话之后才得以完成。《伤心咖啡馆之歌》这部作品正是在读者的积极参与中孤独主题才得以实现,而孤独意义也得以不断深化。
[Abstract]:Carson McCullers is one of the outstanding writers of American literature in the 20th century. Her works are mainly famous for her novels, and spiritual loneliness and isolation are at the heart of most of her works. "Song of the sad Cafe" is one of her most important novels. In this novel, she tells of the triangulation between two men and a woman in a lonely and melancholy southern town. With abnormal love and distorted human nature, the author meticulously shows the state of spiritual isolation between people, and makes the reader appreciate a kind of despair and depression of loneliness. Scholars at home and abroad mainly focus on the lonely theme of the work, love incompetence, Gothic color, the gender consciousness of both sexes and the narrative structure and skills of the text. Although the study of the lonely theme of the works is based on the theory of reader response criticism. This paper begins with the theory of Ethel's reader's reaction, analyzes the blank narration of the works to dig out the profound connotation of the lonely theme, and at the same time, attempts to prove that a good literary work must create a suitable blank to attract and summon the reader's reading. The meaning of the text is realized by a smooth dialogue between the reader and the text. The paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, briefly introduces Carson McCullers' life and literary achievements, and makes a comprehensive review of the domestic and foreign research on the Song of the sad Cafe. In addition, this chapter will also comb the development of readers' response criticism, and at the same time will focus on the blank in the theory of Ethel's response criticism, the text is not without certainty and summoning structure. The second chapter mainly discusses the small town and the small town unorthodox person mold. In the process of shaping the loneliness and weirdness of small towns and townspeople, the author has done a lot of information omissions and created a lot of blanks. On the one hand, he has been enticing readers to read. On the other hand, it inspires readers to explore the profound reasons behind the lonely and tragic fate of the characters. The third chapter analyzes the lonely theme of the text from the use of narrative techniques. The text omits the psychological activities of the characters by ellipsis and displays the words and deeds of the characters from the external perspective of the bystanders, which makes the characters strange and unpredictable to the readers. But the narrative way of tracing back to the loop constitutes a lonely cycle without future and end, which causes readers to immerse themselves in solitude and it is difficult to escape. The fourth chapter is based on the various interpretations of the independent chapters at the end of the novel to show that readers can actively participate in the interpretation of the meaning of the text on the basis of their own experience, aesthetics and philosophy of life. The change of the lonely theme from the initial pessimistic meaning to the active resistance to loneliness is the result of the readers' active participation in the interpretation of the text. The fifth chapter is the conclusion of the paper. This paper holds that a good literary work can not be separated from the creation of blank and text uncertainty in the process of creation, only the moderate blank and uncertainty can always keep the readers to attract and actively attract readers to participate in the interpretation of the text. The meaning of the text can only be completed after the successful dialogue between the text and the reader. "Song of the sad Cafe" is the realization of the lonely theme in the active participation of the reader and the deepening of the lonely meaning.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：I712.074
本文编号：2132565
[Abstract]:Carson McCullers is one of the outstanding writers of American literature in the 20th century. Her works are mainly famous for her novels, and spiritual loneliness and isolation are at the heart of most of her works. "Song of the sad Cafe" is one of her most important novels. In this novel, she tells of the triangulation between two men and a woman in a lonely and melancholy southern town. With abnormal love and distorted human nature, the author meticulously shows the state of spiritual isolation between people, and makes the reader appreciate a kind of despair and depression of loneliness. Scholars at home and abroad mainly focus on the lonely theme of the work, love incompetence, Gothic color, the gender consciousness of both sexes and the narrative structure and skills of the text. Although the study of the lonely theme of the works is based on the theory of reader response criticism. This paper begins with the theory of Ethel's reader's reaction, analyzes the blank narration of the works to dig out the profound connotation of the lonely theme, and at the same time, attempts to prove that a good literary work must create a suitable blank to attract and summon the reader's reading. The meaning of the text is realized by a smooth dialogue between the reader and the text. The paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, briefly introduces Carson McCullers' life and literary achievements, and makes a comprehensive review of the domestic and foreign research on the Song of the sad Cafe. In addition, this chapter will also comb the development of readers' response criticism, and at the same time will focus on the blank in the theory of Ethel's response criticism, the text is not without certainty and summoning structure. The second chapter mainly discusses the small town and the small town unorthodox person mold. In the process of shaping the loneliness and weirdness of small towns and townspeople, the author has done a lot of information omissions and created a lot of blanks. On the one hand, he has been enticing readers to read. On the other hand, it inspires readers to explore the profound reasons behind the lonely and tragic fate of the characters. The third chapter analyzes the lonely theme of the text from the use of narrative techniques. The text omits the psychological activities of the characters by ellipsis and displays the words and deeds of the characters from the external perspective of the bystanders, which makes the characters strange and unpredictable to the readers. But the narrative way of tracing back to the loop constitutes a lonely cycle without future and end, which causes readers to immerse themselves in solitude and it is difficult to escape. The fourth chapter is based on the various interpretations of the independent chapters at the end of the novel to show that readers can actively participate in the interpretation of the meaning of the text on the basis of their own experience, aesthetics and philosophy of life. The change of the lonely theme from the initial pessimistic meaning to the active resistance to loneliness is the result of the readers' active participation in the interpretation of the text. The fifth chapter is the conclusion of the paper. This paper holds that a good literary work can not be separated from the creation of blank and text uncertainty in the process of creation, only the moderate blank and uncertainty can always keep the readers to attract and actively attract readers to participate in the interpretation of the text. The meaning of the text can only be completed after the successful dialogue between the text and the reader. "Song of the sad Cafe" is the realization of the lonely theme in the active participation of the reader and the deepening of the lonely meaning.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：I712.074
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