《大进军》：一部女性身份的重建史
发布时间：2018-09-11 08:04
【摘要】：身为二十世纪最杰出的美国作家之一,埃德加·劳伦斯·(E.L.)多克托罗以其独特的写作风格和严肃的小说题材赢得声誉。他善于运用后现代写作手法,将虚构和真实的人物放置在特定的历史背景中加以审视。这种历史与想象结合的方式为当代西方文学注入新鲜活力,便于读者在作者虚构的世界中看清现实,同时也能对历史有更深刻的理解。《大进军》这部作品于2005年出版,获得美国全国书评人协会奖(2005)和美国笔会/福克纳奖(2006)。小说以声势浩大的美国南北战争为背景,讲述历史人物威廉·特姆库塞·谢尔曼将军率领北方军队,深入南方中心地带解放奴隶的故事。在《大进军》中,多克托罗塑造了各种不同类型的人物,他们都是当时社会的缩影,能充分反映人性,引发对战争、死亡、种族、身份等社会问题的思考。除了一些战争中起主导作用的男性人物,小说还描绘了很多让读者为之动容的女性人物,例如混血儿珀尔、大法官的女儿埃米莉·汤普森和她的奴隶威尔玛,以及种植园的女主人马蒂,战争彻底改变了她们原本的生活轨道。尽管经历着失去亲人的苦痛、面对未来的困惑和爱情的失意,她们却不得不承受战争使生活变得千疮百孔的结果,为了生存而坚强地同一切困难作斗争。基于女性主义的相关理论,特别是西蒙娜·德·波伏娃的《第二性》中的观点,通过文本细读,本文旨在探索战争中女性身份重建的过程,并分析她们不同的命运指向。除绪论和结论部分,本文包含三章。第一章主要关注作品中女性人物如何变成南方沉默的他者,探究造成这种边缘化现象的内部和外部原因。通过上述四位女性人物的南方生活,说明传统社会观念和女性自我无意识所塑造出的女性形象。第二章研究这四名典型的女性人物如何从一种沉默的状态走向自我认识的觉醒并重建自我身份。战争使她们失去亲人,遭遇爱情的挫折,陷入精神困境,同时也使她们在困境中做出不同选择,学会独立成长,重建自我意识和身份。第三章呈现这些女性人物不同的命运指向,反映出作者对女性在男性主导社会中的生存困境的关怀。珀尔和威尔玛选择不同的方式追求自由和独立的生活,而埃米莉和马蒂却成了父权制的牺牲品。本文在结论中展现了多克托罗对边缘人群和她们的身份焦虑的一种人文关怀,根据女性人物不同的命运和小说对内战的还原。通过重塑女性形象,多克托罗希望女性能找到一条追求真正自由的道路,实现两性关系的和谐。
[Abstract]:As one of the greatest American writers of the twentieth century, E.L. Doctorow earned a reputation for his unique writing style and serious novel themes. He is good at using postmodern writing techniques to examine fictional and real characters in a specific historical background. This combination of history and imagination infuses new vitality into contemporary Western literature so that readers can see the reality in the author's fictional world and have a deeper understanding of history. Won the National Book reviewers Association Award (2005) and the pen / Faulkner Award (2006). Against the backdrop of the mighty American Civil War, the novel tells the story of the liberation of slaves by the historical figure, General William Tmkusse Sherman, who led the Northern Army into the heart of the South. In "the Great March", Doctorow created various types of characters, they were the epitome of the society at that time, which could fully reflect human nature and lead to the thinking of war, death, race, identity and other social problems. In addition to some of the men who played a leading role in the war, the novel depicts many female characters who make readers feel moved, such as Half-Blood Pearl, Justice's daughter Emily Thompson, and her slave Wilma. And Marty, the hostess of the plantation, the war completely changed the course of their lives. Despite the pain of bereavement, the confusion of the future and the frustration of love, they had to bear the consequences of the war that had made life so full of holes that they fought strongly against all difficulties in order to survive. Based on the theories of feminism, especially those in Simone de Bovova's second Sex, this paper aims to explore the process of women's identity reconstruction in the war and analyze their different destiny through careful reading of the text. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper contains three chapters. The first chapter focuses on how the female characters in the works become the silent other in the South and explore the internal and external causes of the marginalization. Through the southern life of the four female characters mentioned above, the traditional social concept and female self-unconscious portray the female image. The second chapter studies how the four typical female characters move from a state of silence to the awakening of self-cognition and the reconstruction of self-identity. The war makes them lose loved ones, encounter the setback of love, fall into spiritual predicament, and make them make different choices in the dilemma, learn to grow independently, and rebuild their self-consciousness and identity. The third chapter presents the different fate of these female characters, reflecting the author's concern for the plight of women in the male-dominated society. Pearl and Wilma chose different ways to pursue a free and independent life, while Emily and Marty fell victim to patriarchy. In the conclusion, this paper shows Doctorow's humanistic concern for the marginal people and their identity anxiety, according to the different fate of the female characters and the restoration of the civil war in the novel. By reshaping the image of women, Doctorow hopes that women will find a way to pursue true freedom and achieve a harmonious relationship between men and women.
【学位授予单位】：四川外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I712.074
本文编号：2236102
[Abstract]:As one of the greatest American writers of the twentieth century, E.L. Doctorow earned a reputation for his unique writing style and serious novel themes. He is good at using postmodern writing techniques to examine fictional and real characters in a specific historical background. This combination of history and imagination infuses new vitality into contemporary Western literature so that readers can see the reality in the author's fictional world and have a deeper understanding of history. Won the National Book reviewers Association Award (2005) and the pen / Faulkner Award (2006). Against the backdrop of the mighty American Civil War, the novel tells the story of the liberation of slaves by the historical figure, General William Tmkusse Sherman, who led the Northern Army into the heart of the South. In "the Great March", Doctorow created various types of characters, they were the epitome of the society at that time, which could fully reflect human nature and lead to the thinking of war, death, race, identity and other social problems. In addition to some of the men who played a leading role in the war, the novel depicts many female characters who make readers feel moved, such as Half-Blood Pearl, Justice's daughter Emily Thompson, and her slave Wilma. And Marty, the hostess of the plantation, the war completely changed the course of their lives. Despite the pain of bereavement, the confusion of the future and the frustration of love, they had to bear the consequences of the war that had made life so full of holes that they fought strongly against all difficulties in order to survive. Based on the theories of feminism, especially those in Simone de Bovova's second Sex, this paper aims to explore the process of women's identity reconstruction in the war and analyze their different destiny through careful reading of the text. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper contains three chapters. The first chapter focuses on how the female characters in the works become the silent other in the South and explore the internal and external causes of the marginalization. Through the southern life of the four female characters mentioned above, the traditional social concept and female self-unconscious portray the female image. The second chapter studies how the four typical female characters move from a state of silence to the awakening of self-cognition and the reconstruction of self-identity. The war makes them lose loved ones, encounter the setback of love, fall into spiritual predicament, and make them make different choices in the dilemma, learn to grow independently, and rebuild their self-consciousness and identity. The third chapter presents the different fate of these female characters, reflecting the author's concern for the plight of women in the male-dominated society. Pearl and Wilma chose different ways to pursue a free and independent life, while Emily and Marty fell victim to patriarchy. In the conclusion, this paper shows Doctorow's humanistic concern for the marginal people and their identity anxiety, according to the different fate of the female characters and the restoration of the civil war in the novel. By reshaping the image of women, Doctorow hopes that women will find a way to pursue true freedom and achieve a harmonious relationship between men and women.
【学位授予单位】：四川外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I712.074
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 李公昭;;分裂的声音——美国内战小说与评论综述[J];外国文学研究;2009年05期
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