韩国现代文学中的南京叙事研究（1919-1945）

发布时间：2018-10-16 15:42

【摘要】：本文以韩国现代媒体刊载的有关南京的诗歌、散文、小说、戏剧为研究对象,主要考察了韩国现代作家对南京的历史传统与现代转型的文学认知,并系统分析了抗日战争全面爆发前后韩国文学中南京形象的不同体现。本文的研究目的在于正确阐释日本殖民历史背景下韩国作家南京认知的矛盾性和复杂性,并以此为基础重新审视韩国现代文学中的中国形象及其意义。尽管中韩学界已开始关注韩国现代文学中的中国以及中国人形象,但大部分研究为对中国形象的整体性研究,而对部分地区和城市形象的研究,仅限于东北地区和上海、北京。本文对韩国现代文学中的南京形象的考察,将作为中国形象研究的重要补充,一方面有助于拓展研究视野,另一方面通过从意识形态的角度阐释日本殖民统治下韩国民族身份的重构,有利于从现代性框架中把握韩国人的中国认知与其内在身份建构之间的共建关系。首先,本文对韩国现代文学中的南京审视分为对传统文化的关注和对现代文明的关注两个方面。对于传统文化,一方面,韩国作家借游览名胜古迹,抒发去国怀乡之情;另一方面,韩国作家通过感慨昔日帝国的衰落,表达对传统东方文明的怀念和向往。因此,南京被视作可以暂时逃离其祖国殖民地现实的乌托邦。现代文明方面,新首都建设展现出南京与现代西方文明接轨的决心,随处可见的建设工程体现出一种新面貌。对此韩国作家同样表现出两种态度,一种是支持,认为这是新兴中国振兴自我的新开端;另一种则是怀疑,对国民政府的执政能力及中国人的本性表示不信任。无论褒贬,两种态度都体现出对现代文明的向往。其次,本文从时间上分为抗日战争前后两个阶段来考察韩国现代文学中对南京的书写。1937年中日战争全面爆发以前,南京作为国民政府的新首都,其新面貌也是新兴中国的象征,是韩国人从政治层面理解中国的重要窗口,也是受日本殖民的韩国人观察独立民族现代化过程的契机。1937年南京沦陷以后,日本进行了所谓的战后重建工作,并且扶植汪精卫的傀儡政权。这一时期的韩国作家受日本殖民主义意识形态的影响更为明显,笔下的南京一反常态地成为一个充满生命力的城市,并将此归功为日本在南京的复兴建设。前后两个时期韩国作家对南京或贬或褒,归根结底都是一种潜在的意识形态的体现,最终目的在于通过南京确认自身价值。综上所述,韩国作家对南京的书写集中体现在对历史的想象和对现实的批判两个方面,呈现出一种复杂而互相矛盾的多样认知,这也是当时东亚复杂局势的一个缩影,同时包含了韩国人通过历史与现实映射出的自身认知。
[Abstract]:Taking the poems, prose, novels and dramas published in the Korean modern media as the research object, this paper mainly studies the literary cognition of the historical tradition and modern transformation of Nanjing by the modern Korean writers. It also analyzes the different images of Nanjing in Korean literature before and after the War of Resistance against Japan broke out. The purpose of this paper is to correctly explain the contradiction and complexity of the cognition of Korean writer Nanjing under the historical background of Japanese colonization, and on this basis to re-examine the Chinese image and its significance in Korean modern literature. Although Chinese and Korean scholars have begun to pay attention to the Chinese and Chinese images in modern Korean literature, most of the studies focus on the integrity of the Chinese image, while the study on the image of some regions and cities is confined to the Northeast region and Shanghai, Beijing. The study of the image of Nanjing in modern Korean literature will be an important supplement to the study of Chinese image. On the one hand, it will help to broaden the perspective of the study. On the other hand, the reconstruction of Korean national identity under Japanese colonial rule from the angle of ideology is helpful to grasp the co-construction relationship between Korean's Chinese cognition and their internal identity construction from the frame of modernity. First of all, this paper focuses on Nanjing in Korean modern literature from two aspects: traditional culture and modern civilization. For traditional culture, on the one hand, Korean writers express their feelings of homecoming by visiting historic sites; on the other hand, Korean writers express their nostalgia and yearning for traditional Oriental civilization by feeling the decline of empires in the past. As a result, Nanjing was seen as a utopia that could temporarily escape the realities of its native colony. In terms of modern civilization, the construction of the new capital shows the determination of connecting Nanjing with the modern western civilization, and the construction project, which can be seen everywhere, embodies a new face. South Korean writers also show two attitudes, one is support, the other is a new beginning of rejuvenating China, the other is scepticism about the ability of the national government and the nature of the Chinese people. Both attitudes reflect the yearning for modern civilization. Secondly, this paper is divided into two stages before and after the War of Resistance against Japan to examine the writing of Nanjing in modern Korean literature. Before the Sino-Japanese War broke out in 1937, Nanjing, as the new capital of the National Government, was also the symbol of a new China. It is an important window for Koreans to understand China from a political point of view, and an opportunity for Koreans colonized by Japan to observe the process of modernization of the independent nation. After the fall of Nanjing in 1937, Japan carried out the so-called post-war reconstruction work. And support Wang Jingwei's puppet regime. The Korean writers in this period were more obviously influenced by the ideology of Japanese colonialism, and Nanjing in his works became a city full of vitality, which was attributed to the revival and construction of Japan in Nanjing. In the final analysis, the Korean writers' praise or demotion to Nanjing is the embodiment of a kind of latent ideology, and the ultimate purpose is to confirm their own value through Nanjing. To sum up, the Korean writers' writing of Nanjing is embodied in the imagination of history and the critique of reality, showing a complex and contradictory variety of cognition, which is also a microcosm of the complex situation in East Asia at that time. At the same time, it contains the knowledge of Korean people through history and reality.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I312.606

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