追寻本真—《奥兰多》的海德格尔式解读

发布时间：2019-04-08 20:11

【摘要】：作为二十世纪文学浪潮中的杰出代表,弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫从未间歇过对人类存在的思考并将其通过文学的形式呈现出来。在伍尔夫的诸多作品中,《奥兰多》描述了一个十六岁少年历经四个世纪成长为三十六岁少妇的奇幻故事。作者通过刻画奥兰多在不同时期的存在状态和内心变化来展示其对“存在”的理解。与此同时,伍尔夫的同时代著名哲学家海德格尔也在追寻“何为存在”的问题。一个从哲学的角度思考人类存在的状态,一个从文学的角度寻找存在的最佳状态,却殊途同归,认定走向本真才是人类的最终归属。本文以海德格尔的存在主义思想为依托,采用文本细读的方法来解读奥兰多的沉沦表现,追寻本真道路上经历的痛苦,以及最终达到天人合一的境界,表达了伍尔夫通过塑造奥兰多这个形象来展示自己对于本真状态的永恒追求。本论文分为三个部分:引言、主体和结论。引言部分主要介绍《奥兰多》的文献综述和海德格尔的存在主义思想。主体部分深入挖掘奥兰多四个世纪以来所存在的状态,发现其首先经历了沉沦阶段,表现为:对自然和女人的征服欲望,沉迷于闲聊,以及不安现状。随后经历了本真与非本真的斗争阶段,表现为:焦躁不安过后喜好在独处中反省。最后奥兰多成功达到了天人合一的本真状态——诗意的栖居,表现为:与自然和谐相处,接受雌雄同体身份并完成诗歌“橡树”。通过主体部分的分析,本文得出结论:人们经常陷入沉沦失去自我,但本真的自我总是与非本真的自我相互斗争促使“此在”在痛苦与折磨中不断反思存在的意义,最终意识到本真的状态就是自我与万物和谐相处,从而达到天人合一的境界。
[Abstract]:As an outstanding representative of the 20th century literature, Virginia Woolf never intermittently pondered the existence of human beings and presented them in the form of literature. Among Woolf's many works, Orlando describes the fantasy of a 16-year-old growing into a 36-year-old woman after four centuries. The author shows Orlando's understanding of existence by depicting Orlando's state of existence and inner changes in different periods. At the same time, Heidegger, a famous contemporary philosopher of Woolf, is also pursuing the question of "what is being". One considers the state of human existence from the perspective of philosophy, the other looks for the best state of existence from the perspective of literature, but it is the ultimate attribution of human beings to find out that moving towards truth is the best state of existence in the same way. On the basis of Heidegger's existentialism thought, this paper uses the method of text reading to interpret Orlando's sinking performance, to pursue the pain experienced on the true road, and finally to achieve the realm of the unity of heaven and man. It expresses Woolf's eternal pursuit of his true state by shaping Orlando. This paper is divided into three parts: introduction, subject and conclusion. The introduction mainly introduces Orlando's literature review and Heidegger's existentialism. The main body deeply explores the state of Orlando in the past four centuries, and finds that Orlando first experienced the sinking stage, which is manifested in the subjugation of nature and women, indulgence in gossip, and uneasiness. Then went through the real and non-real struggle stage, manifested as: anxious and restless, like to be alone in self-reflection. In the end, Orlando succeeded in achieving the true state of the unity of heaven and man-the poetic habitation, that is, living in harmony with nature, accepting androgyny and completing the poem "Oak Tree". Through the analysis of the subject part, this paper comes to the conclusion: people often fall into the fall and lose themselves, but the real self always struggles with the non-real self to make "this in" constantly reflect on the significance of existence in pain and torture. Finally realize that the true state is to live in harmony with all things, so as to achieve the realm of the unity of heaven and man.
【学位授予单位】：四川外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I561.074

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