论岛崎藤村的《破戒》

发布时间：2019-05-17 06:53

【摘要】：岛崎藤村是日本家喻户晓的诗人、散文家、小说家,在日本文学史上具有举足轻重的地位。其一生经历了明治、大正、昭和三个时代,可以说岛崎藤村的文学创作生涯代表了日本文学在这三个时代的发展。从最先的浪漫主义诗人到后期的自然主义作家,岛崎藤村的创作手法和创作内容在发生着变化,然而作者心中对封建思想、封建制度的唾弃,以及对近代思想的追求没有改变,甚至越来越清晰。这点与作者的人生经历是密不可分的。浪漫主义、自然主义等因素对岛崎藤村的思想和创作都起着重要的作用。《破戒》是岛崎藤村的第一部长篇小说,被夏目漱石称为“明治第一部小说”。在这部作品中,作者塑造了丑松这一人物形象,同时也是其自身的一个缩影,并且借用“戒”这一意象贯穿全文。通过主人公丑松在“守戒”与“破戒”这一过程中的痛苦与挣扎,赋予“戒”以深刻的社会意义。“戒”的存在来源于社会对部落民的歧视,而文中对部落民的种种评价、不公待遇的描写,则更加揭示了当时社会部落问题的严重性;《破戒》中丑松对父亲又敬又怕,其根源在于日本自古以来的封建家长制度。父亲作为一个家族的“家长”,有着至高无上的权威,这使得丑松无法轻易违背父亲的告诫。这也是“戒”一直以来困扰丑松的原因之一。丑松的困扰恰恰体现了封建家长制度对一个人个性的束缚;丑松作为一个先进的知识分子,多年来接受西方的教育和思想。自由平等的近代思想与顽固守旧的封建思想相冲突,在这种新旧思想的撞击中,丑松最终选择了“破戒”,追求个性的自由和自我的解放。“戒”这一意象不仅揭露了当时社会对部落民的歧视,还表现出了作者对封建家长制的反思以及对近代自我的探求。
[Abstract]:Takasaki is a well-known Japanese poet, essayist and novelist, and plays an important role in the history of Japanese literature. His life has experienced Meiji, Dazheng, Zhaohe three times, it can be said that Shimizaki Fujimura's literary creation career represents the development of Japanese literature in these three times. From the first romantic poet to the later naturalistic writer, the creative techniques and contents of Shimazaki Fujimura are changing. However, the author's spurn on feudal thought, feudal system and the pursuit of modern thought have not changed. It's even getting clearer and clearer. This is inextricably linked to the author's life experience. Romanticism, naturalism and other factors play an important role in the thought and creation of Takasaki. Breaking the precepts is the first novel of Shimazaki, which is called the first Meiji novel by Xia Mu Shu Shi. In this work, the author portrays the character image of ugly Song, but also a microcosm of himself, and borrows the image of "precepts" throughout the full text. Through the pain and struggle of the protagonist ugly Song in the process of "keeping the precepts" and "breaking the precepts", the "precepts" are endowed with profound social significance. The existence of "precepts" comes from the discrimination of tribesmen in society, and the description of all kinds of evaluation and unfair treatment of tribesmen in this paper reveals the seriousness of the social tribal problems at that time. In broken precepts, ugly Song is respectful and afraid of his father, which is rooted in the feudal patriarchal system in Japan since ancient times. Father, as a "parent" of a family, has supreme authority, which makes it impossible for ugly Song to easily violate his father's warning. This is also one of the reasons why the abstinence has been bothering ugly loose. Ugly Song's troubles precisely reflect the feudal parental system's restraint on a person's personality. Ugly Song, as an advanced intellectual, has received western education and thought for many years. The modern thought of freedom and equality conflicts with the stubborn and conservative feudal thought. In the impact of this old and new thought, ugly Song finally chooses to break the precepts, pursue the freedom of individuality and liberate himself. The image of "precepts" not only exposed the social discrimination against the tribesmen at that time, but also showed the author's reflection on the feudal patriarchal system and the exploration of the modern self.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I313.074

【参考文献】