2012-2016年数据新闻奖获奖作品可视化叙事研究

发布时间：2018-06-17 15:49

本文选题：可视化 + 数据新闻　；参考：《西南大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：大数据时代下,数据成为各个行业的重要资产,在经济、文化、政治等社会各个方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。数据新闻便是新闻领域的一种“数据+新闻”的创新。与传统的文字+图片的新闻形式不同,数据新闻的信息主体是各种各样的数据,虽然文字和图片也在数据新闻中扮演角色,只是主体性让位于以数据为主的可视化信息图表或视频或图片。一方面对传统的新闻有一定的颠覆效果,改变了原有新闻的线性叙事逻辑,另一方面在叙事接受上,用户也在一定程度上具有更高的主动性。数据新闻,其载体形式则更为丰富,更偏向于电子网页、视频等,因此,叙事研究的叙事文本在转换形式的同时,多种叙事媒体之间的差异与转换问题也需要多加探讨。本文在对全球数据新闻奖“可视化数据新闻”获奖作品的文本进行叙事学上的分析,试图寻找发现这种新形式的新闻文本在叙事上的变化,同时探讨这种不同的依存媒体在其中发挥着怎样的作用。本文在绪论中,对数据新闻的时代背景、数据新闻的形式变化、全球数据新闻奖的设立、数据新闻作品的叙事研究的意义和研究呢方法等方面做了论述。第一章详细对全球数据新闻奖的历年作品做了梳理,并根据研究需要选择了2012-2016四年中的十件新闻作品为研究样本,对每个样本的背景、内容做了大体介绍。从第二章开始运用叙事理论对文本进行研究分析。第二章对十件作品中多样化的叙事语言做了归纳梳理,从视觉叙事和设计叙事的角度结合新闻奖具体文本阐述了色彩、形状、地图、交互图表等不同形式在新闻叙事中所起的作用,挖掘新的语言形式的叙事价值,发现色彩、地图等可视化方式在改变线性叙事、凸显宏观叙事方面有着独特优势。第三章按照传统的新闻叙事理论中的叙事者和叙事视角来探究数据新闻叙事与传统新闻叙事的不同,全知视角在部分以可视化图表为主要内容的作品中较长采用,在文字与图表势力均当的作品中,限知视角与全知视角融合运用。第四章研究了数据新闻叙事中时空观的转变。概要和场景策略在叙事时间中较常见,地图的运用则成为叙事空间中最具特色的内容,除了故事性的空间转换,网页性质的媒介形式也拓展了内容在空间中的铺展。第五章则讨论了叙事接受的层面,游戏化的叙事方式对用户有较大是吸引力,用户在可视化数据新闻中获得了更高的主动权,在一定程度上参与了叙事过程和意义再造。
[Abstract]:In the era of big data, data has become an important asset in various industries and plays a more and more important role in economy, culture, politics and other aspects of society. Data news is a kind of innovation of data news in the field of news. Different from the traditional news form of text and picture, the main body of information in data news is all kinds of data, although text and picture also play a role in data news. Only subjectivity gives way to visualized information, charts, or videos or pictures based on data. On the one hand, it has a subversive effect on the traditional news, which changes the linear narrative logic of the original news. On the other hand, the users also have a higher degree of initiative in terms of narrative acceptance. Data news, its carrier form is more abundant, more inclined to the electronic web page, video and so on, therefore, the narrative text of narrative research in the transformation form, at the same time, the variety of narrative media differences and conversion problems also need to be discussed. This paper makes a narratological analysis of the texts of the award-winning works of "Visual data News" for the Global data Journalism Award, and tries to find out the narrative changes of this new form of news text. At the same time, this paper discusses how the different dependent media play a role in it. In the introduction, this paper discusses the background of the data news, the change of the form of the data news, the establishment of the Global data News Award, the significance of the narrative research of the data news works and the research methods. The first chapter makes a detailed combing of the past works of the Global data Journalism Award, and selects ten news works in the four years of 2012-2016 as the research samples according to the needs of the research. The background and content of each sample are introduced in general. The second chapter begins to use narrative theory to study and analyze the text. The second chapter sums up and combs the various narrative languages in the ten works. From the angle of visual narrative and design narrative, combined with the specific text of the News Award, the author expounds the color, shape, map, and so on. Interactive charts and other forms play a role in news narration, excavate the narrative value of new language forms, find out that the visualization methods such as color and map have unique advantages in changing linear narration and highlighting macroscopic narrative. The third chapter explores the differences between data news narration and traditional news narration according to the narrator and narrative perspective of traditional news narrative theory. The omniscient perspective is used in some works with visual charts as the main content. In works in which the power of writing and chart are equal, the perspective of limited knowledge and the perspective of omniscience are combined and applied. The fourth chapter studies the change of time-space view in data news narration. Summary and scene strategy are more common in narrative time, and the use of map becomes the most characteristic content in narrative space. Besides the spatial conversion of story, the media form of web page also expands the spread of content in space. The fifth chapter discusses the level of narrative acceptance. The gameplay narrative method is more attractive to the users. The users get a higher initiative in the visual data news and participate in the narrative process and significance reengineering to a certain extent.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G210.7

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