文学叙事情节中时间性与因果性的关系研究

发布时间：2018-01-29 04:13

本文关键词： 时间性因果性故事叙述语言　出处：《华东师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：文学叙事情节中的时间性与因果性,历来是叙事学关注的焦点。纵观迄今为止的相关研究成果,大多分别就时间性与因果性各自的特征与作用展开阐述,却尚未出现针对二者相互关系所展开的比较全面、系统的考察。本文将以此为契机,在认真梳理中西学界关于时间性与因果性的代表观点的基础上,进一步阐释时间性与因果性在文学叙事情节中既外在对立、又内在统一的辩证关系,并揭示这一关系对当代叙事文化提供的启示意义。在文学叙事情节中,时间性与因果性的关系,主要体现为两个学理层面一一外在的对立与内在的统一。就前者而言,时间性的实质是在场,它意味着视点对场内事物的积极观看与体验,因果性的实质是离场,它意味着视点将场内的观看成果语言化并获得反思,两者呈现出对立的一面。就后者而言,时间性与因果性在文学叙事情节建构中均各有所得与所失,每一方的所失又都能被另一方的所得积极弥补：一方面,作者的在场观看必然因存在着盲点而无法获取对事物的全面感知,这是叙事情节中的时间性之失,唯有离场才能在反思中看清全场,“语言论转向”揭示出语言的不及物特征及其作为意义系统的存在,作为语言化的产物,因果性对场内事物加以组织与澄清；另一方面,“语言论转向”又带出了助长叙述技巧膨胀的消极面,而使“讲故事”所受到的关注压倒了“故事”本身,这是叙事情节中的因果性之失,但叙述是一种相对性的行为,它始终是对故事某一角度、某一部分的讲述,仍须以尊重故事本身为解释学前提,因此离场的作者又需要重新积极入场感受,通过场内时间性的场面感来平衡故事与叙述的比重。理解时间性与因果性的上述辩证关系,有助于我们在理论上深化对文学叙事情节的理解,也有助于我们在创作实践中建立更为合理的叙事观念。
[Abstract]:The time and causality in the narrative plot of literature has always been the focus of narratology. However, there has not been a relatively comprehensive and systematic investigation of the relationship between the two. This paper will take this as an opportunity to carefully comb the representative views of time and causality in Chinese and Western academic circles. It further explains the dialectical relationship between temporal and causality in literary narrative plot, which is both external opposition and internal unity, and reveals the enlightening significance of this relationship to contemporary narrative culture. The relationship between temporality and causality is mainly embodied in the external opposition and internal unity of two theoretical levels. In the former, the essence of temporality is presence. It means the positive viewing and experience of the field of view, the essence of causality is to leave the field, it means that the view of the viewing results of the field of language and reflection, the two show the opposite side, as far as the latter is concerned. Time and causality have their own gains and losses in the construction of literary narrative plot, and the loss of each side can be positively compensated by the other party's income: on the one hand. Because of the blind spot, the author can not obtain the overall perception of things. This is the loss of time in the narrative plot. Only when he leaves the scene can he see the whole audience clearly in the reflection. Linguistic turn reveals the intransitive features of language and its existence as a system of meaning. As a product of language causality organizes and clarifies things in the field. On the other hand, "linguistic turn" also brings out the negative side that encourages the expansion of narrative skills, and makes the attention of "storytelling" overwhelm the "story" itself, which is the causal loss in the narrative plot. But narration is a kind of relativistic behavior, it is always a certain angle of the story, a part of the narration, still must respect the story itself as the hermeneutics premise, therefore leaves the scene author needs to re-actively enter the feeling. It is helpful for us to deepen our understanding of the narrative plot in theory by balancing the proportion of story and narration through the sense of scene in the field and understanding the dialectical relationship between temporal and causality. It also helps us to establish a more rational narrative concept in our creative practice.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：I106

【共引文献】