生态批评视阈下的《嘉莉妹妹》

发布时间：2018-03-18 04:07

本文选题：生态批评　切入点：《嘉莉妹妹》　出处：《郑州大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：西奥多·德莱赛是二十世纪美国文学史上杰出的作家之一,他的第一部小说《嘉莉妹妹》一直被誉为美国小说中一座具有历史意义的里程碑,国人最熟悉的也是这部作品,德莱赛的大多数小说都以城市环境为背景,他更关注来自农村的青年人,《嘉莉妹妹》这部小说也不例外。本文将从生态批评的视角分析《嘉莉妹妹》这部小说中暗含的反生态思想—即人与自然的疏离关系,人与人之间的扭曲关系,以及人与自我之间的失衡关系,揭示在城市化进程的快速发展和道德观念的冲击下,人们的生活方式,伦理道德,精神方面都发生了畸变,并且陷入了物质享受的漩涡,变成了丧失伦理道德的“空心人”。但是值得一提的是德莱赛笔下的艾姆斯的出现给嘉莉困惑的人生燃起了希望的明灯。本文由引言,三个章节和结语部分组成。引言部分概述了德莱赛的生平及其主要作品、生态批评理论的相关内容,嘉莉妹妹这部小说的主要内容,国内外关于嘉莉妹妹这部小说的研究现状,以及该论文要解决的问题。第一章探讨,《嘉莉妹妹》中人与自然的疏离关系。小说展现了工业文明和城市的发展对环境造成的破坏以及美国在转型时期城市的巨大变化。第二章分析《嘉莉妹妹》中人与人之间的不和谐关系。在巨大的物质利益面前,嘉莉和她的姐姐、姐夫之间的骨肉亲情也化为泡影,这种扭曲还表现在嘉莉和她的情人之间的扭曲关系上。第三章着重分析嘉莉的精神世界,她极度“物质崇拜”。工业文明和城市化的发展扭曲了嘉莉的心灵,她出卖自己的身体和灵魂,丧失了传统的伦理道德,最终嘉莉获得了物质上的成功,但精神世界却很贫瘠。而艾姆斯的出现化解了消费社会中人们对物质和精神追求之间的矛盾。结语部分指出,在社会转型的特殊时期,人们对物质崇拜到了无以复加的地步,人与自然的疏离关系,人与人之间关系的不和谐关系,最终导致了人类的“精神污染”。但是,德莱赛笔下的艾姆斯的价值观给我们带来了深远的启迪和思索。因此,在当下阅读《嘉莉妹妹》,对于我们要建立新型的、生态可接受的工业和城市发展模式会起到重要的启示作用。我们要重新审视城市移民,特别是女性城市移民,重构和谐的精神生态。
[Abstract]:Theodore Dreiser was one of the greatest writers in American literary history in 20th century, and his first novel, Sister Carrie, has been hailed as a historic milestone in American fiction, and it's the one most familiar to Chinese. Most of Dreiser's novels are set in the urban environment. He pays more attention to the young people from the countryside, and Sister Carrie is no exception to this novel. This paper will analyze the anti-ecological thought implied in Sister Carrie's novel from the perspective of ecological criticism, that is, the alienation between man and nature. The distorted relationship between people and the imbalance between people and themselves reveals that under the rapid development of urbanization and the impact of moral concepts, people's way of life, ethics and spirit have been distorted. But it is worth mentioning that the emergence of Dresser's Ames gives Carrie a light of hope in her confused life. This paper is composed of introduction, three chapters and conclusion. The introduction summarizes Dreiser's life and his main works, the relevant contents of ecological criticism theory, the main contents of sister Carrie's novel, and the current situation of research on Carrie's novel at home and abroad. And the problems to be solved in this paper. The first chapter discusses the relationship between man and nature in Sister Carrie. The novel shows the destruction of the environment caused by industrial civilization and the development of cities and the great changes of American cities during the transition period. The second chapter analyzes the disharmonious relationship between people in Sister Carrie. In the face of great material interests, the kinship between Carrie and her sister, her brother-in-law, has fallen apart. The distortion was also manifested in the distorted relationship between Carrie and her lover. The third chapter focuses on the spiritual world of Carrie, who is extremely "material worship". The development of industrial civilization and urbanization distorts Carrie's mind, she sells her body and soul, and loses the traditional ethics, Carrie eventually achieved material success, but the spiritual world was barren, and Ames's emergence resolved the contradiction between material and spiritual pursuits in consumer society. The conclusion points out that in the special period of social transformation, people worship the material to the point that the alienation between man and nature and the disharmonious relationship between man and man lead to the "spiritual pollution" of human beings. Dreiser's Ames values give us profound inspiration and thought. So, reading Sister Carrie now, for us to build a new type, Ecological acceptable industrial and urban development model will play an important role in inspiration. We should re-examine urban migrants, especially female urban migrants, and reconstruct a harmonious spiritual ecology.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074

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