“第五个太阳作家群”与奇卡诺文学转型

发布时间：2018-03-19 03:06

本文选题：奇卡诺文学　切入点：第五个太阳作家群　出处：《吉林大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：“第五个太阳作家群”是20世纪60年代末至70年代中期美国社会文化动荡之中，奇卡诺文学转型的代表性文学流派。这个作家群缘60年代美国黑人民权运动而生，为奇卡诺民族文化的生存权利而呐喊，不断提升奇卡诺民族文学的创作水平，推动奇卡诺文学步入美国文学的经典。这个作家群所体现出的转型特征主要体现在如下几个方面：第一，对早期美国墨西哥裔文化传统进行继承和扬弃。作家群对早期美国墨西哥裔文化传统中所蕴含的深刻斗争意识进行了充分的挖掘，，为现代奇卡诺民族文学的生存与发展提供了坚实的根基。第二，作家群由奇卡诺文化运动推动而形成。20世纪60年代美国社会文化的动荡为“第五个太阳作家群”的形成提供了时代的契机。奇卡诺运动中的社会活动家、诗人和作家们满怀革命的理想，创作出倡导革命的诗篇，呐喊着奇卡诺民族文化独立的宣言，力图打破奇卡诺文学在美国文化领域“看不见的”地位，拓展了民族文化的发展空间，为作家群的形成奠定了思想理论、文化和组织的基础。第三，“第五个太阳出版社”的创立为这一流派的最终形成提供了物质保障。此出版社的编辑群体满怀奇卡诺文艺复兴的理想，创办了期刊《呼喊》、文选《镜》，为作家群的文艺创作提供了宏观性的方向指引和细致入微的呵护，为不被主流出版界认可的奇卡诺作家们提供了难得的出版机会。出版社创立的“第五个太阳文学奖”推动作家群的创作从“走向墨西哥北部”的革命题材向“墨西哥裔聚居区”关注民族生存本质的审美题材转变。第四，转型时期的奇卡诺文学批评对“第五个太阳作家群”所主导的转型进程产生了显著的推动作用。奇卡诺民族在历史上所经历的严酷种族歧视的痛苦导致转型时期的奇卡诺学者们对后殖民主义批评表现出了极大的关注。后殖民主义批评方式广泛地存在于这一时期的奇卡诺文学批评之中，边缘与主流二元模式的互动是此时期批评的重点。虽然“第五个太阳作家群”时期的文艺创作在文学审美方面还没有达到完美的高度，但是作家群的巨大意义是显而易见的：他们推动了奇卡诺文学的现代化，使这个占美国人口比例第二的民族的文学从隐性走向显性，为世界所知。此作家群基于本民族历史上经历的苦难、困惑和斗争，进行充满时代特征的艺术创作，成功地推动奇卡诺文学的转型，使奇卡诺文学开始步入美国文学经典的殿堂。
[Abstract]:"the Fifth Sun Writer Group" is the representative literary school of Chikano's literary transformation amid the social and cultural turmoil in the United States from the end of 1960s to the middle of 70s. This group of writers was born out of the 60s American black civil rights movement. Shouting for the right of existence of Chikano's national culture, constantly improving the level of creation of Chikano's national literature, The transformation characteristics of this group of writers are mainly reflected in the following aspects: first, The writers fully excavated the deep struggle consciousness contained in the early Mexican American cultural tradition. It provides a solid foundation for the survival and development of modern Chikano national literature. Second, The American social and cultural turmoil in 60s provided an opportunity for the formation of the Fifth Sun Writer Group. Full of revolutionary ideals, poets and writers created poems advocating revolution, chanted the declaration of the independence of Chikano's national culture, and tried to break the "invisible" status of Chikano literature in the field of American culture. Has expanded the national culture development space, has laid the thought theory for the writer group formation, The foundation of culture and organization. Third, the creation of the Fifth Sun Publishing House provided a material guarantee for the eventual formation of this school. The editorial community of the publishing house was full of Chikano Renaissance ideals. He founded the periodical "Cry" and the selected works "Mirror", which provided a macro direction and meticulous care for the writers' literary and artistic creation. This is a rare opportunity for Chicano writers, who are not recognized by mainstream publishing circles. The Fifth Sun Literature Prize, founded by the publishing house, has promoted the writers' creation from the revolutionary theme of "towards the North of Mexico" to "Mohist". "the change of Aesthetic theme concerning the essence of National Survival in the West Costa Rican area." 4th, The literary criticism of Chikano during the transitional period has played a significant role in promoting the process of transformation, which is dominated by the Fifth Sun Writer Group. The bitter racial discrimination experienced by the Chikano people in history has led to the transition period. The post-colonial criticism is widely used in the literary criticism of Chikano in this period. The interaction between marginal and mainstream dualistic mode is the focus of criticism in this period. Although the literary creation in the period of "the Fifth Sun Writer Group" has not reached the perfect height of literary aesthetics, But the great significance of the writers is obvious: they have modernized Chikano's literature, making the literature of this nation, the second largest in the population of the United States, from recessive to dominant. Known to the world. This group of writers, based on the suffering, confusion and struggle experienced in the history of their own nation, carried out artistic creation full of the characteristics of the times and successfully promoted the transformation of Chikano's literature. So that Chikano literature began to enter the palace of American literary classics.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.099

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