寻找心灵的慰藉：《奥多芙的神秘》对城市和乡村的表征

发布时间：2018-03-22 22:32

本文选题：安·拉德克里夫　切入点：《奥多芙的神秘》　出处：《华中师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：安·拉德克里夫是英国最具有代表性的哥特式小说家,在她所处的年代广受欢迎。她擅长在阴森恐怖和焦虑嫌疑的情节中运用浪漫主义情调。沃尔特·司各特称她为“第一位写虚构浪漫主义小说的女诗人。”在她的小说里,悬疑中加入了浪漫哥特元素。她的女主人公芊芊弱弱,敏感而又爱心。此外,在她的作品中,拉德克里夫注重道德教育和贵族阶级式的审美趣味的培养。拉德克里夫的代表作《奥多芙的神秘》富含浪漫哥特色彩。小说人物被放置在一个遥远的城堡,那里看似鬼异的事情经常发生。小说中对自然景物的细致描写,也给读者留下了深刻的印象。小说主人公爱米莉的故乡拉法雷,是一个没有尘世间纷争的人间仙境。爱米莉美丽、纤弱、敏感且有高尚的情操。她非常热爱自然的美景,大自然总能令她想起父亲和爱人。生活在拉法雷的人们,彼此之间坦诚友好,过着和谐宁静的生活。相比之下,城市是一个污浊的地方。人们贪婪、虚伪、势利,沉迷于奢华的生活。对他们而言,人生就是追逐利益和享受。作为中产阶级的代表,拉德克里夫对城市的生活感到厌恶,渴望在乡村中寻找心灵的平静。本论文着重研究《奥多芙的神秘》中对乡村和城市的表征,说明了该小说反映出的中产阶级在城市中安全感缺失,揭示了他们希望在乡村找到心灵慰藉的愿望。论文共四章。第一章简要介绍了拉德克里夫及其重要作品,概述了拉德克里夫研究的国内外现状,说明了本论文的重点和结构。第二章从人际关系和审美情趣两方面对乡村和城市进行比较。在乡村中,人们之间睦邻友好。而在城市里,人们尔虞我诈,只关心个人利益和享乐。在乡村生活的中产阶级懂得欣赏大自然,在游历中能领悟大自然,获得与困难做斗争勇气和决心。他们喜爱旅游、诗歌、音乐,有着高尚的审美情趣。相比之下,在城市生活的人,对大自然的美熟视无睹,也不喜欢游历,审美趣味低下。第三章揭示了处在社会变革中的中产阶级想在乡村中找到心灵慰藉。中产阶级虽然生活无忧,但在政治上还没有获得足够的地位,他们特别迫切得到贵族阶级的认可,从而提高自身的地位。而中产阶级缺乏文化基础,提高自身文化地位主要依靠模仿与吸收贵族阶级的审美情趣和风格。从小说中我们可以看到,中产阶级对城市的污染、自然环境的破坏感到厌恶,对贵族阶级提倡的宁静的田园生活充满向往。他们注重贵族阶级式的审美趣味的培养,喜爱大自然,追求艺术和敏感特质；同时也学习贵族阶级重视美德教育。该章还指出中产阶级渴望在乡村中找到心灵的归属感。18世界中后期,英国工业化和城市化进展带来了经济的高速发展,但也造成了一系列的社会问题。这些问题使中产阶级感觉在城市迷失了自我,甚至自身的安全受到威胁,所以他们渴求在乡村中找到自我和自身安全的保障。他们追寻和谐安宁的社会次序,以此逃避社会的各种矛盾。第四章为结论。该部分概述了全文的内容,重申了论文的观点,再次强调《奥多芙的神秘》反映出18世纪英国城市与乡村的冲突,揭示了英国中产阶级想逃避社会矛盾、在乡村中寻找心灵慰藉的渴望。
[Abstract]:Ann Radcliffe is the most representative of the British Gothic novelist, popular in the place of her age. She is good at using the romantic sentiment in the ghastly terrorist suspects in the plot and anxiety. Walter Scott called her "the first written fictional romantic novel female poet." in her novels, with romantic suspense Gothic elements. Her exuberant heroine weak weak, sensitive and loving. In addition, in her works, Radcliffe pays attention to the cultivation of moral education and the aristocracy style aesthetic.
"Radcliffe's masterpiece the mysteries of udolpho > rich Gothic romantic color. The characters are placed in a distant castle, there seems weird things often happen. In the novel on the nature of the detailed description, also give readers a deep impression. The protagonist Emily's hometown of Raffaele, is not a the earthly strife fairyland. Emily is beautiful, delicate, sensitive and noble sentiment. Her love for the beauty of nature, nature always reminded her father and lover. In Raffaele's life between people, frank and friendly, have a harmonious and peaceful life. In contrast, the city is a dirty place. People are greedy, hypocritical, snobbish, addicted to luxury life. For them, life is the pursuit of interest and enjoyment. As a representative of the middle class, Radcliffe of city life feel disgusted To seek peace of mind in the country.
The characterization of the village and the city of mystery > this paper focuses on the "Adobe in the novel reflects the middle class in the city of insecurity, reveals that they hope to find solace in the country's desire.
There are four chapters in this paper. The first chapter briefly introduces Radcliffe and his important works, outlines the current situation of Radcliffe's research both at home and abroad, and illustrates the emphasis and structure of this paper.
The second chapter carries on the comparison to the country and city from two aspects of interpersonal relationship and aesthetic taste. In the countryside, people between the good neighborly and friendly. In a city, people only care about the intrigues, personal interests and pleasures of life in the countryside. The middle class to appreciate the nature, understand nature in travelling, obtain the struggle of courage and determination with difficulty. They love to travel, poetry, music, has a lofty aesthetic taste. In contrast, people who live in the city, for the beauty of nature is not blind, love travel, taste is low.
The third chapter reveals the social change in the middle class to find solace in the country. Although the middle class life, but in politics are not getting enough of their special status, urgent aristocracy recognition, so as to enhance their status. While the middle class lack of cultural foundation, improve their cultural status rely on imitation and absorption of the aristocracy aesthetic taste and style. In the novel we can see that the middle class of the city's pollution, the destruction of natural environment feel disgusted, full of longing for the noble class advocating peaceful garden life. They pay attention to the cultivation of the aristocracy, type of the aesthetic taste of love nature, the pursuit of artistic and sensitive at the same time learning characteristics; the aristocracy attach importance to virtue education. This chapter also points out that the middle class is eager to find belong in the rural areas in the sense of.18 in the world after the period, The progress of industrialization and city has brought the rapid development of economy, but also caused a series of social problems. These problems make the middle class in the city feel lost, and even their own safety is threatened, so they are eager to find self and self security in the country. They pursue peaceful and harmonious social order. In order to avoid all kinds of social contradictions.
The fourth chapter is the conclusion. This part summarizes the full text, reiterated the views of this article, once again stressed the mysterious udolpho reflects the conflict of < eighteenth Century British city and countryside, reveals the British middle class want to avoid social conflicts, eager to find solace in the countryside.

【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.074

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