荣格集体无意识理论框架下《黑暗昭昭》之人物解析

发布时间：2018-04-06 00:35

本文选题：《黑暗昭昭》　切入点：集体无意识　出处：《哈尔滨师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：《黑暗昭昭》是英国当代著名小说家威廉·戈尔丁，在经过长逾10年的休眠期后，于1979年发表的一部重要的晚期小说。小说以现时代的人物形象和事件,结合某种形式的宗教神秘主义,象征性地表达了人性邪恶的思想，以及这种邪恶所具有的毁灭性力量。本文依据荣格的集体无意识理论的概念及其核心内容来辩证地，全面地解析《黑暗昭昭》的人物，不但揭示人性中固有的邪恶，而且弘扬人性中的善。全文除引言、结论外共分为五章。引言部分首先分别对作者戈尔丁及其作品进行了介绍；其次又对《黑暗昭昭》进行了介绍；最后对小说的国内外研究现状和文章的框架进行了解读。第一章对荣格集体无意识理论进行了介绍。首先，从弗洛伊德的精神分析学，社会背景，，科学和哲学背景，个人主观因素和职业因素五个方面对荣格集体无意识理论的形成背景进行说明；其次是对荣格集体无意识理论的主要内容的介绍。这为下文对小说的详细解读做了铺垫。第二章主要运用自性和阴影原型，对小说男主人公麦迪进行解读。麦迪在童年时期造成亨德森的坠楼身亡，倾向于阴影原形。自性原形主要集中在麦迪踏上流浪旅途以后的阶段。麦迪自我放逐以后，忍受着来自世俗世界的一连串打击与磨难，在认识自我的基础上苦苦的追寻人生的本质和意义。最后解救了被绑架的小男孩，将自己献身于大火之中，完成了赎罪。并在死后化成金色的光，救赎了在欲念中苦苦挣扎的佩蒂格利，由赎罪而得新生，麦迪超我的人格也得以实现和升华。第三章主要运用阴影原型，对小说女主人公苏菲和托妮进行细致的解读。与早期小说不同的是，《黑暗昭昭》不仅描述了人性黑暗的一面，更着重描述了姐妹俩从少年懵懂时期到青年时期心理成长变化历程，进一步挖掘了这种黑暗的心理成因。这样可以令读者清晰的看出二者的心理发展历程。在这部小说中，戈尔丁不再像他早期小说中那样把恶看成是先验的人性本质，而是把人性与人格的形成看作一个复杂的过程。在这部小说里，阴影原形统治着苏菲和托妮的一生。第四章主要运用人格面具原型，对小说其它普通人物进行细致的解读。小说中其它次要角色代表着苟存于现实世界中俗不可耐的、毫无目的的普通人物。他们虽然没有苏菲似的极恶和麦蒂似的极善，但是也存在着不同程度的善恶。他们没有任何精神上的追求，而且对自身的存在也只有一种麻木的、得过且过的态度。这是在人格面具原形主导下对现实社会适应的需要。第五章是荣格集体无意识理论框架下《黑暗昭昭》之人物解析的意义。结尾对全文进行了全面概述，通过本文详细的论述，笔者希望读者能摒弃传统的善恶观，重新审视戈尔丁对于人性的理解，从一种全新的，辩证的角度来欣赏《黑暗昭昭》。
[Abstract]:< > darkness visible is a famous contemporary British novelist William Golding, after a long dormant period more than 10 years later, in 1979 published an important stage. The novel to contemporary characters and events, combined with some form of religious mysticism, the symbolic expression of humanity evil thoughts, and this kind of evil with the destructive power. The concept and the core content of this paper is on the basis of Carl Jung's theory of the collective unconscious to dialectically and comprehensively resolve "darkness visible > characters, not only reveals the inherent in human nature of evil, and carry forward the good of humanity.
In addition to the introduction, the conclusion is divided into five chapters.
The first part of the author Goldin and his works were introduced; secondly on the < > darkness visible are introduced; at the end of the novel framework of domestic and foreign research present situation and this article for the interpretation.
The first chapter of Carl Jung's theory of the collective unconscious are introduced in this paper. First of all, from Freud's psychoanalysis, the social background, the background of science and philosophy, the formation background of the five aspects of subjective factors and occupation factors of Carl Jung's theory of the collective unconscious is described; secondly is the main content of Carl Jung's collective unconscious theory is introduced. This paves the way for the following detailed interpretation of the novel.
The second chapter mainly uses the self and shadow prototype, the interpretation of the hero Maddie. Maddie caused Henderson falls dead in childhood, tend to shadow prototype. Mainly concentrated in the Maddie set foot on the journey after wandering stage from the prototype. Maddie self exile after suffering a series of strikes and suffering from the secular world on the basis of self understanding, searching the essence and significance of life. Finally rescued the kidnapped boy who devoted themselves to the fire, to complete the redemption. And after death into the golden light, redeemed in lust struggling by sin and Petit Glee, Maddie newborn, superego personality can be achieved and the sublimation.
The third chapter mainly uses the shadow archetype, a detailed interpretation of the protagonist Sophie and Toni. Unlike the earlier novel, < > darkness visible not only describes the dark side of human nature, more focuses on the description of the sisters ignorant period from youth to youth psychological growth change process, to further tap the the dark psychological causes. This can make readers clear that the psychological development of the two. In this novel, Goldin is no longer in his early novels as the evil human nature as a priori, but the humanity and personality of the formation as a complex process. In this novel, shadow prototype rule Sophie and Toni's life.
The fourth chapter mainly uses the persona prototype, a detailed interpretation of the novel in the novel. Other common characters of other secondary characters represents Gou stored in too vulgar to be endured in the real world, ordinary people without purpose. Although they did not like Su Feisi and Tracy McGrady. Very good, but there are different levels of good and evil. They have no any spiritual pursuit, but also of their existence is only a kind of numbness, muddle along attitude. This is the need to adapt to the social reality in the persona prototype under the guidance.
The fifth chapter is Carl Jung collective character > the consciousness of darkness visible under the theoretical framework of "analytical significance.
At the end of a comprehensive overview of the full text, this paper in detail, I hope that readers will abandon the traditional concept of good and evil, to re-examine Goldin's understanding of humanity, from a new, dialectical perspective to enjoy darkness visible.

【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.074

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