论19世纪法国文学中的吉普赛人形象

发布时间：2018-04-21 16:38

本文选题：19世纪法国 + 吉普赛形象　；参考：《河北大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：吉普赛民族，是一个交织着浪漫与传奇、苦难与智慧的民族，他们坐在大篷车上浪迹天涯，，有着自成一体的风俗习惯，是现代文明社会的局外人。这样一个民族，在文学世界中得到了作家们的喜爱，在19世纪流派众多、名家大师层出不穷的法国，无论是浪漫主义名匠雨果，还是著名的现实主义小说家梅里美，以及波德莱尔根据同名画创作的诗歌《波希米亚人》，他们描绘的吉普赛人物形象栩栩如生、深入人心。本文首先介绍了吉普赛民族的流浪的历史，并分析了国内外对于文学作品中吉普赛形象的研究现状，通过分析19世纪法国文学中爱斯梅拉达、卡门等形象来阐释四个特点：她们美丽的外表令人惊叹；一生的命运多与爱情牵连；并且不遵循传统道德观念；热爱自由，向往自由。由于法国文学与政治的紧密联系，19世纪法国动荡的政局，社会阶级结构重组，使作家们处于“政治夹缝”之中，承担了更多的时代与政治的责任，当时的法国随着物质的丰富、阶级的转变，思想也出现变革，加之传统法国文学的影响以及作家独有的民族特性，使法国作家创作出的吉普赛形象命运更加跌宕，人物更具有感染力。在对作品人物的分析中，我们还应注意到文学作品中的吉普赛形象和真实吉普赛人的异同点，相同之处是都具有种族意识和宿命意识，都从内心深入热爱自己的种族，都擅长占卜，具有神秘色彩；不同之处是纯净意识和贞洁意识，实际的吉普赛人爱干净，重视贞操，文学作品中吉普赛人却被刻画的肮脏邋遢，多情放荡。这是作家们为表达内心的思想与感受，宣泄他们的情感，不约而同的选择通过剖析其他民族人物形象、描写远离日常的异国生活来抒发，他们将真实的吉普赛人形象经过艺术加工之后，使创作出来的形象成为作家自我言说的一种表征，是作家自我内心的投射。
[Abstract]:The Gypsy people, a nation of romance and legend, suffering and wisdom, roam the world in a caravan, with its own customs and customs, and is an outsider of modern civilization. Such a nation has been loved by writers in the literary world. In France, in the 19th century, there were numerous genres and masters, whether it was the famous romantic craftsman Hugo or the famous realist novelist Merimee. And Baudelaire's poem, Bohemian, based on a painting of the same name, depicts Gypsy characters lifelike and popular. This paper first introduces the history of the vagrancy of the Gypsy nation, and analyzes the present situation of the research on the Gypsy image in the literary works at home and abroad, through the analysis of Esmeralda in the French literature of the 19th century. Carmen and so on explain four characteristics: their beautiful appearance is amazing; the fate of their life is involved in love; and they do not follow the traditional moral concept; they love freedom and yearn for freedom. Because of the close connection between French literature and politics and the turbulent political situation in France in the 19th century, the reorganization of social class structure made the writers in the "political gap" and assumed more responsibility of the times and politics. At that time, France was enriched with material. The change of class, the change of thought, the influence of traditional French literature and the unique national characteristics of the writer make the fate of Gypsy created by French writers more volatile and the characters more infectious. In the analysis of the characters in the works, we should also pay attention to the similarities and differences between the Gypsy images in literary works and the real Gypsies. The similarities and differences are that they both have a sense of race and a sense of destiny, and they both deeply love their own race from the heart. They are good at divination, mysterious; the difference is pure consciousness and virginity consciousness, the actual Gypsies love cleanliness, attach importance to chastity, but in literature Gypsies are portrayed as dirty, affectionate and debauchery. In order to express their inner thoughts and feelings and to express their feelings, writers chose to express their feelings by analyzing the images of other national figures and describing alien lives far from their daily lives. After processing the real Gypsy image, they make the created image become a representation of the writer's self-talk and the projection of the writer's inner self.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I565.06

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