用双性同体理论分析《杀死一只知更鸟》

发布时间：2018-04-22 18:17

本文选题：弗吉尼亚.伍尔夫 + 双性同体　；参考：《河北师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：哈珀·李是美国当代女作家，因上个世纪六十年代出版的小说《杀死一只知更鸟》而著称。自这部小说出版以来曾先后被翻译成多种语言，并受到世界范围内广大读者的欢迎与喜爱。小说里的故事发生在20世纪30年代美国南方的一个南方小镇。通过主人公司各特的叙述，小说抨击了当时社会中存在的种族歧视、社会等级，人性的罪恶面等问题，但同时也让读者相信人性中仍存有美德与公正。本论文试图从双性同体的角度解读《杀死一只知更鸟》这部小说。通过分析，旨在突出小说中充分体现了对双性和谐人格的追求。并且通过采用双性同体这一分析手法赋予了这部小说新的阅读视角和重大的女性主义意义。 “双性同体”是一个很古老的术语，最早出现在希腊神话了。这一思想起源于古罗马，后来各个领域都对其进行过探索。在最开始的时候，双性同体的意思是指男女两种性别的结合。是弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫把这一术语运用到了文学批判中，并且在她的作品《一个人的屋子》中第一次给出了规范性的定义。论文从小说中选取不同的人物来分别论证阐明”单性缺失态”、”双性同体雏形欠调和态”和”双性和谐态”这三种流变模式的状态。通过对这三种状态的论述，，从不同的角度阐释了哈珀·李作品中所蕴含的”双性和谐”、”双性同体”思想，从而得出结论：”双性和谐”式的模式是哈珀.李小说世界，以及现实生活中的理想人格模式。本文包括三大部分，即：简介、三个章节的正文以及结论。在简介部分中主要涉及了三方面的内容：对哈珀·李生平及其作品作以简要概述；对小说的中外研究现状进行了回顾与总结；对与本论文相关的理论、观点，尤其是对”双性同体”这一观念进行阐述、整理，以便为正文中的文本分析做理论支撑。在正文的第一章，把小说中的艾维斯父女归于单性缺失态的典型代表来体现单性的极端状态。他们的生命以悲剧的形式结束。然而，正是这种单性生活的遗憾与缺失从侧面更有力地印证了追求”双性和谐”的深刻意义所在。第二章提出哈珀·李在小说中对亚瑟进行了双性同体式的人物刻画。然而，尽管亚瑟具有双性同体的潜质，但女性特质与男性特质在他身上并没有体现出和谐发展、和谐共处的理想状态。他仍处于双性同体的雏形状态，为此他也付出了惨重的代价。由此可知，此阶段的双性同体也并非理想的人格模式。要想达到理想的双性同体状态仍需迈出关键的一步。论文的第三章阐述论证了司各特和她的父亲阿提克是哈珀·李小说世界中双性和谐式人物的理想代表。在这两个人身上，双性气质得以和谐共存。既然双性和谐是最理想的状态，此部分还对其在文学世界和现实社会的重要意义进行了简要的阐述。最后，即在论文的结论部分，对以上的三种状态进行总结，从而进一步强调本文论点：双性和谐式的人格模式是哈珀·李小说的最终目的与追求。
[Abstract]:Harper Lee , a contemporary American writer , has been known for its publication in the 1960s . It has been translated into a variety of languages since its publication , and has been welcomed and loved by a wide range of readers throughout the world . The story has taken place in a southern town in the south of the United States in the 1930s . The novel attacked the problems of racial discrimination , social rank , and humanity in the society at the time , but also let readers believe that there are virtues and justice in the human nature .

This thesis attempts to interpret the novel from the perspective of dual - sex peers , which aims to highlight the pursuit of dual - sex harmonious personality in the novel , and gives the novel reading perspective and major feminist significance through the analysis of dual - sex peers .

" Double Homology " is a very old term beginning to appear in Greek mythology . This idea originated in ancient Rome , which later explored it . At the very beginning , the double identity refers to the combination of the two sexes of both sexes . It is Virginia Wood ' s use of the term in literary criticism and , for the first time , a normative definition in her works .

In this paper , different characters are selected from the novel to demonstrate the state of the three kinds of rheological models , such as " single missing state " , " dual - character " and " double - sex harmonious state " .

This paper consists of three parts , namely , introduction , the text of the three chapters and the conclusion . In the introduction part , it mainly deals with three aspects : the brief overview of Harper Lee Sheng - ping and his works ;
The present situation of Chinese and foreign research on the novel is reviewed and summarized .
In this paper , the theory and viewpoint related to this thesis , especially the concept of " double - sex peers " , are expounded and collated in order to provide theoretical support for the text analysis in the text .

In the first chapter of the text , the typical representative of the Alves ' parents in the novel is attributed to the singular extreme state . Their lives ended in the form of tragedy . However , it is the regret and the absence of this kind of life , which proves the profound significance of pursuing the " double harmony " from the side .

In the second chapter , the author proposes Harper Lee ' s portrayal of Arthur in the novel . However , although Arthur has the latent qualities of the double - sex peers , the feminine traits and the male traits do not reflect the harmonious development and the ideal state of harmonious coexistence .

In the third chapter , the thesis expounds that Atike , the father of Scott and her father , is the ideal representative of the two - sex harmonious characters in Harper Lee ' s novel world . In these two people , the dual temperament is harmonious coexistence . Since the two - sex harmony is the most ideal state , this part also makes a brief exposition of its important significance in the literary world and the real society .

Finally , in the conclusion part of the thesis , the author summarizes the above three states , and further emphasizes the thesis that the dual personality model is the ultimate aim and pursuit of Harper Lee ' s novel .

【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074

【参考文献】