《婚姻》的叙事及文体分析

发布时间：2018-04-23 21:19

本文选题：叙述视角 + 话语思想表达　；参考：《福州大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文超越了一般的形式研究,从叙述学和文体学的角度研究亨利·詹姆斯的中篇小说《婚姻》中的叙述视角,人物话语和思想的不同表达方式,思维风格以及指示成分,对亨利·詹姆斯的写作风格做深入的探讨。自二十世纪六十年代,随着叙述学和文体学的兴起,对小说叙述技巧和文体技巧的研究在小说理论中有了创新性的实践。许多叙事学家和文体学家的研究使小说的结构和形式技巧趋向科学化,并提高了对小说的结构形态,审美特征的认识,提高了鉴赏小说的艺术水平。基于该出发点,本文主要探讨以下几个问题：叙述学与文体学相结合的方法对《婚姻》的研究是否有互补作用?叙述者如何通过人物视角来刻画小说中人物的内心,价值观及认识事物的特定方式?话语思想的不同表达方式如何控制叙述角度和叙述距离,变换感情色彩以及如何呈现艾德拉(Adela)的内心世界?思维风格如何展现小说中人物的内心世界、推动故事情节的发展,从而加深了小说的主题?如何通过指示成分控制叙述距离?围绕这些问题,本文由五章组成,第一章介绍本文的研究目的,研究方法,语料,研究意义及结构。第二章是简要介绍叙事学和文体学,并概述国内外对亨利·詹姆斯及其作品的研究现状。第三章建立本文的理论框架,重点介绍叙述视角的相关概念,人物话语思想、思维风格和指示成分的种类及作用。第四章是本文的分析部分,也是本文的核心部分,着力探讨了四个方面：叙述视角、人物话语与思想的表达方式,思维风格以及指示成分。第一节主要分析小说《婚姻》中的三种聚焦模式,即：零聚焦、内聚焦、外聚焦。亨利·詹姆斯采用零聚焦描写该小说故事发生的背景或场景。由于零聚焦会破坏作品的逼真性,亨利·詹姆斯在叙事中经常换用人物的有限视角：内聚焦。《婚姻》的“意识中心”是艾德拉(Adela),她的观察和感悟是这篇小说的主线。故事中的戈弗雷(Godfrey),邱琪丽夫人(Mrs. Churchley)是艾德拉(Adela)观察和品评的对象,尤其是邱琪丽夫人(Mrs. Churchley)的视觉和知觉受到了限制,内心意识无从展示。读者对艾德拉Adela的同情怜爱和对邱琪丽夫人(Mrs. Churchley)的厌恶,在很大程度上来源于叙述者的视角控制。同时,叙述者又用站在故事之外来看故事中的人和物,即外聚焦。三种聚焦模式的转换运用深化了该小说的主题意义。第二节重点分析《婚姻》中主要人物的话语和思想表达方式及其所体现的文体特征,并探讨话语如何展现他们的态度及内心世界。第三节结合叙述视角,对人物的思维风格进行剖析。尝试通过词汇、修辞等方面探讨小说中艾德拉(Adela)和戈弗雷(Godfrey)的思维风格以及其对人物刻画的作用。第四节从指示成分入手,分析指示成分的变化如何影响视角的调节。笔者通过对人称、地点和时间代词的分析展示叙述者是如何转换叙述视角及调节叙述距离。第五节探讨该小说叙述视角,人物话语思想表达方式,思维风格和指示成分之间的互动关系。结束语是对本文的整体回顾,并提出未来研究建议。本研究表明：叙事学和文体学相结合的理论研究框架对《婚姻》叙述视角、话语思想表达方式、思维风格及指示成分的分析具有相辅相成的作用。通过分析比较,读者能更深入了解亨利·詹姆斯高超的叙述艺术,较为全面理解小说主人公的性格特征及小说主题,同时提高读者欣赏和评论小说的水平。
[Abstract]:This article transcends the general form of research. From the perspective of narratology and stylistics, this paper studies Henry James's narrative perspective in the middle story < marriage >, the different expressions of the characters and ideas, the style of thinking and the indicative elements, and makes a deep study of Henry James's writing style. Since 1960s, with the study of his writing style, the author has made a thorough study of his writing style. The rise of narratology and stylistics, the study of narrative and stylistic techniques in the novel has an innovative practice in the theory of fiction. Many studies of narratologists and stylists make the structure and form techniques of the novel tend to be scientific, and raise the understanding of the structure and aesthetic characteristics of the novel, and improve the art of appreciation novels. Level. Based on the starting point, this paper mainly discusses the following questions: does the method of narration and stylistics have complementary effects on the study of < marriage > how the narrator portrays the heart of the characters in the novel by the perspective of the character, the values and the specific formula of knowing things, and how to control the different expressions of the discourse thought The narrative angle and the narrative distance, the change of emotional color, and how to present the inner world of Adera (Adela)? How does the thinking style show the inner world of the characters in the novel, promote the development of the story, deepen the theme of the novel, and how to control the narrative distance through the indicator component? Around these questions, this article is composed of five chapters. Chapter one introduces the purpose of this study, research methods, corpus, research significance and structure. The second chapter is a brief introduction of narratology and stylistics, and a summary of the research status of Henry James and his works at home and abroad. The third chapter establishes the theoretical framework of this article, focusing on the related concepts of the narrative angle of view, the thought of character discourse, the style of thinking and the style of thinking. The fourth chapter is the analysis part of this article and the core part of this article. It focuses on four aspects: the narrative perspective, the expression of the characters and thoughts, the thinking style and the indicator elements. The first section mainly analyzes the three focusing modes in the novel < marriage >: Zero focusing, internal focusing, and external focusing. Henry James uses zero focus to describe the background or scene of the story. Since zero focus will destroy the fidelity of the works, Henry James often uses a limited perspective in the narrative: internal focus. The "center of consciousness" of < marriage > is Adera (Adela). Her observation and perception are the main lines of this novel. Godfrey (Godfrey) and Mrs. Qiu Qili (Mrs. Churchley) are the objects of Adera (Adela) observation and evaluation, especially the vision and perception of Mrs. Qiu Qili (Mrs. Churchley), which are limited in their vision and perception. The inner consciousness is incapable of showing. The reader's sympathy for Adera Adela and the aversion to Mrs. Qiu Qili (Mrs. Churchley) are to a great extent. It comes from the narrator's visual angle control. At the same time, the narrator looks at the people and things in the story from the outside of the story, that is, the external focus. The conversion and application of the three focus patterns deepen the theme of the novel. The second section focuses on the analysis of the words and ideas and the stylistic features of the main characters in the marriage and their stylistic features. In the third section, the third section, combining the narrative perspective, analyzes the thinking style of the characters and tries to explore the thinking style of Adera and Godfrey (Godfrey) in the novel and its role in characterization through vocabulary and rhetoric. The fourth section begins with the indicator component and analyzes the indicative components. The author shows how the narrator converts the narrative perspective and adjusts the narrative distance through the analysis of the person, place and time pronoun. The fifth section discusses the narrative perspective, the expression of the character discourse, the thinking style and the interactive relationship between the thinking style and the indicative elements. This study shows that the theoretical framework of combination of narratology and stylistics has a complementary role in the analysis of < marriage > narrative perspective, discourse thought expression, thinking style and indicator composition. Through analysis and comparison, readers can get a better understanding of Henry James's superb narrative art. We can understand the character characteristics and theme of the novel, and improve readers' appreciation and commentary on the level of the novel.

【学位授予单位】：福州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074

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