远藤周作小说《沉默》研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 04:13

本文选题：远藤周作 + 《沉默》　；参考：《天津理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：远藤周作是日本现代著名作家和基督教信徒，小说《沉默》是远藤周作的代表作之一，也是研究远藤文学的重要作品。在日本文坛，该作品被赞誉为二十世纪日本文学的代表作之一。《沉默》中有两个主要出场人物。一个是新来的神父罗德里格，另一个是信徒吉次郎。从某种意义上说，这两个人都是弱者。追踪这二人的言行，了解其心理变化，可以充分揭示《沉默》的作品世界。神父罗德里格起初笃信教义，坚贞不渝。后来，在险恶的形势下，为拯救信众决定弃教。他的弃教，实属无奈之举。然而，信徒吉次郎天性软弱，胆小怕事。他曾经不堪当局的恐吓，为保全自己的性命而放弃信仰，出卖过前任神父，变成可耻的叛徒，遭到了教友的鄙视和厌恶。后来，他又产生过悔过之心，但感到自己无论怎样做都不再被人信任，，故而再次下狠心出卖了新来的神父。该作品的主题之一，即是基督教徒心目中耶稣形象的变化。起初，罗德里格怀疑耶稣，不理解他的“沉默”。经过激烈的思想斗争，他决定弃教，此时，他心中的耶稣呈现出母性的形象。由此，他的内心得以释然。这种母性的耶稣，才使得基督教能够被日本人所广泛接受。作品试图告诉读者，其实宗教信仰不仅仅是一种形式，更重要是其精神实质，那才是其核心内容之所在。远藤周作描写了两个弱者，并不是为了探讨宗教意义上的背叛问题，而是对弱者表达了一种深深的同情，并给与积极的救赎。作者把目光投向了耶稣基督。小说以信徒“踏绘”时的脚痛，表达了信徒遭受的残酷迫害，强调了弃教者内心的痛苦。以对耶稣之大爱的理解，打破了神的沉默，让读者感到神并没有沉默，而是像慈母对自己的子女那样，与弃教者作伴，一起感受痛苦。小说《沉默》不是纯粹的历史小说，也不是单纯的宗教小说。她宣扬了一种极大的人文关怀和舍己为人的终极之爱，具有一定的社会思想意义。十字架上的耶稣，被迫弃教的罗德里格，他们身上无处不彰显出这种终极的爱。尤其是耶稣基督的十字架救赎，这在缺乏罪恶感的日本具有深刻的社会启示意义。
[Abstract]:Endo Shusaku is a famous modern writer and Christian believer in Japan. The novel Silence is one of Endo Shusaku's masterpieces and an important work in the study of Yamato's literature. In Japanese literary circles, this work is praised as one of the representative works of Japanese literature in the 20th century. There are two main characters in Silence. One is the new priest Rodrigo, and the other is the believer Gittaro. In a sense, both men are weak. Tracking their words and deeds and understanding their psychological changes can fully reveal the world of Silence. Father Rodrigo believed in the doctrine at first and remained unswerving. Later, in a sinister situation, to save the faithful decided to abandon religion. His abandonment of religion was an act of helplessness. However, the worshippers, by nature, are weak and timid. He had given up his faith in order to save his life, betrayed his former priest, turned into a shameful traitor, and was despised and hated by his congregation. Later, he felt remorseful, but felt that he was no longer trusted in whatever he did, so he betrayed the new priest again. One of the themes of the work is the change in the image of Jesus in the eyes of Christians. At first, Rodrigo suspected Jesus and did not understand his "silence." After a fierce ideological struggle, he decided to abandon the religion, at which time Jesus in his heart presented the image of motherhood. As a result, his heart was relieved. This motherly Jesus made Christianity widely accepted by the Japanese. The works try to tell readers that religious belief is not only a form, but also its spiritual essence, which is its core content. Endo Shusaku describes the two weak, not to explore the religious betrayal, but to express a deep sympathy for the weak, and to give a positive redemption. The author looks to Jesus Christ. The novel expresses the cruel persecution of believers and emphasizes the inner pain of those who abandon religion. The understanding of Jesus' great love breaks the silence of God and makes the reader feel that God is not silent, but as a loving mother to her own children, companion with the deserters, suffering together. The novel Silence is not a pure historical novel, nor a simple religious novel. She propagandizes a great humanistic concern and the ultimate love of sacrificing oneself, which has certain social and ideological significance. Jesus on the cross, forced to abandon Rodrigo, showed this ultimate love everywhere. Especially the salvation of the cross of Jesus Christ, which has profound social enlightenment significance in the lack of guilt in Japan.
【学位授予单位】：天津理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I313.074

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