生态女性主义视域下的《女孩和女人们的生活》解析

发布时间：2018-04-28 21:32

本文选题：生态女性主义 + 父权制　；参考：《辽宁大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：生态女性主义是一种新兴的思想,它将女性主义与生态批评理论相结合。生态女性主义者倡导自然和女性之间有很亲近的关联性,他们认为人类对待自然界的支配和对待女性的压迫与父权制息息相关,他们将自然和女性同视为父权制社会的受害者。换句话说,父权制是自然以及女性受压迫的根源,人类中心主义与男性中心主义是父权制的表现形式。生态女性主义者呼吁按照女性主义和生态学的原则重建人类社会,使大自然在摆脱被掠夺命运的同时,让女性得到彻底的解放。加拿大著名当代短篇小说家艾丽丝·门罗(Alice Munro)被称为世界上最有影响力的小说家之一,她擅长在作品中刻画平凡女性的普通生活,并伴随大量的生态环境描写。《女孩儿和女人们的生活》是门罗1971年的作品。作为门罗的早期作品,《女孩儿和女人们的生活》已经引起了众多学者以及评论家的关注,并且吸引他们从不同角度进行解读。本文旨在讨论《女孩儿和女人们的生活》中的生态女性主义意识,从《女孩儿和女人们的生活》中所体现的女性形象以及生态观两方面对门罗的生态女性观进行分析。本文由导论、正文和结论三部分组成。主要内容如下:第一部分是导论。导论部分主要介绍生态女性主义的国内外研究现状。生态女性主义源于法国,并迅速蔓延至美国、英国等许多西方国家。因此,国外的相关研究要比国内的更加深入以及完整。我国学界对于生态女性主义的研究方向主要集中在:明确定义,内容透视,流派对比以及跨学科比较上。第二部分是正文,由三部分组成:第一章主要介绍生态女性主义理论,分别从起源,流派以及门罗的生态女性主义观三个部分进行说明。1974年由法国学者德奥博尼提出的生态女性运动是将女性主义与生态主义相结合的社会思想运动。伴随生态问题的接踵而至,爆发了大规模的生态运动,人类重新反思人类中心主义以及男性中心主义,为女性解放和环境保护提供新思路。由此,生态女性主义应运而生。对于门罗而言,生态女性主义对其有特殊的意义,她突破了传统的性别限制,用男性形象体现生态女性主义更具说服力,体现了其对人与人,人与自然和谐相处的强烈期待和愿望。第二章主要讨论《女孩儿和女人们的生活》中的女性形象。分别讨论了本尼叔叔的形象,黛儿的舅母,黛儿的妈妈以及黛儿本身的形象。尽管本尼叔叔是男性,但是在他身上体现了女性形象,他热爱动物,热爱自然,善良美好。黛儿的舅母是典型的受父权制社会影响的女性形象,她保守守旧,不敢接受新事物,新思想。黛儿的母亲的思想在父权制的压迫下得以觉醒,她勇于追求知识,但是在强大的社会压迫下,她成为了一个失败的例子。从幼年到成年的过程中,黛儿逐步形成了自己的社会认同,她鄙视父权统治思想,为争取女性权利而奋斗。通过这四个人物形象,展现了女性在父权制社会下悲惨的命运,她们所遭受的压制揭示了男权社会中普遍存在的大男子主义倾向。然而,面对压迫,女性也勇敢抗争,追求自由,体现了女性对父权制社会的强烈不满以及对独立意识的强烈渴望。第三章主要讨论《女孩儿和女人们的生活》中存在的生态观。首先,介绍了贝尼叔叔对自然的热爱,展现了人类与自然和谐相处的美好画面。其次论述了黛儿与自然的关系,黛儿深爱自然,面对人类对大自然的剥削压迫,黛儿感到悲痛不已,增强了她对建立人与自然真正平等、和谐、互助关系的希冀。最后通过女性对男权社会的鄙视从反面体现在了女性与自然关系的和谐。女性之所以与自然关系密切,是因为女性和自然都处于受压迫的状态,为了逃离父权社会,女性不得不依附自然,从而获得慰藉和安全感。最后一部分是结论,这部分主要论述研究生态女性主义视域下《女孩儿和女人们的生活》的意义。生态女性主义是一个全球现象,它使人们关注妇女和自然在受压迫方面的关系,并使这种关系得到充分的理解。生态女性主义者力图改变那些加重人类压迫的社会和政治秩序,这些秩序体现在灭绝生态的活动中。相信人们在探讨和摸索的过程中必能得到一些有利于当前人类和社会发展的结论和启示。
[Abstract]:Ecofeminism is a new idea that combines feminism with ecocriticism. Ecofeminists advocate a close relationship between nature and women. They think that human domination and treatment of women's oppression are related to patriarchy, and they regard nature and women as patriarchy. In other words, the patriarchal system is the root of nature and the oppression of women. Anthropocentrism and masculine centralism are the form of patriarchy. Ecofeminists call for the reconstruction of human society in accordance with the principles of feminism and ecology, so that nature can get rid of the plundered fate and let the women get thorough. Alice Monroe (Alice Munro), a famous Canadian contemporary novelist, is known as one of the most influential novelists in the world. She is good at portraying ordinary women's ordinary life in their works and with a large number of ecological environments. < girls and women's life > is the work of Monroe in 1971. As an early Monroe The life of girls and women has attracted the attention of many scholars and critics and attracted them from different angles. This article aims to discuss the ecofeminism consciousness in the life of girls and women, the female image and ecological view embodied in the life of girls and women. The two party faces Monroe's view of ecologic women. This article is composed of introduction, text and conclusion. The main contents are as follows: the first part is the introduction. The first part is introduction. The introduction mainly introduces the research status of ecofeminism at home and abroad. Ecofeminism originated from France, and quickly stretched to the United States, Britain and many western countries. Therefore, country The research on ecofeminism in our country is mainly focused on: clear definition, content perspective, school comparison and interdisciplinary comparison. The second part is the text, which is composed of three parts: the first chapter mainly introduces the ecofeminism theory, from the origin and school, respectively. Three parts of Monroe's view of ecofeminism show that the ecofeminine movement proposed by Deo Boni, a French scholar in.1974, is a social thought movement that combines feminism with ecocism. With the following ecological problems, a large scale of ecological movement has erupted, and human rethinking anthropocentrism and men are rethinking. Sex centrism provides new ideas for women's Liberation and environmental protection. Thus, ecofeminism emerges as the times require. For Monroe, ecofeminism has a special significance to it. She breaks through the traditional sex restriction and reflects the ecofeminism with male image more convincing, reflecting the harmony between human and human, human and nature. The second chapter mainly discusses the life of the girl and the women. It discusses the image of Uncle Benny, the aunt of del, the mother of del, and the image of del itself. Although Uncle Benny is a male, he embodies the image of a woman in him, he loves animals, loves nature, and is kind. Beautiful. Del's aunt is a typical female image affected by patriarchal society. She is conservative and dare not accept new things and new ideas. She is awakened by the oppression of patriarchy, she is brave in the pursuit of knowledge, but under the strong social oppression, she has become a failure example. From childhood to adulthood During the course, Dai gradually formed his own social identity. She despised patriarchy and struggled for women's rights. Through these four characters, she showed the tragic fate of women in the patriarchal society. The suppression revealed the common tendency of male chauvinism in the patriarchal society. However, facing oppression, women were faced with the oppression. Sex is also brave to fight and pursue freedom, which embodies the strong dissatisfaction of women to the patriarchal society and the strong desire for independence. The third chapter mainly discusses the ecological view of the life of girls and women. First, it introduces uncle Beni's love for nature and shows a beautiful picture of harmony between human and nature. Secondly, The relationship between del and nature is discussed. Dai is deeply in love with nature, faced with the exploitation and oppression of nature by human beings. She feels sad and grieved. It strengthens the hope of establishing the real equality, harmony and mutual aid relationship between man and nature. Finally, the relationship between women and nature is now harmonious between women and the nature. It is closely related to nature, because women and nature are in the state of oppression. In order to escape patriarchal society, women have to attach nature to gain comfort and sense of security. The last part is the conclusion. This part mainly discusses the significance of studying the life of girls and women in the view of ecofeminism. Meaning is a global phenomenon that makes people concerned about the relationship between women and nature in the area of oppression and makes this relationship fully understood. Ecocinists try to change the social and political order that aggravate the oppression of human beings. These order is embodied in the life of extinction ecology. It is necessary to believe that people are in the process of exploring and exploring. We can get some conclusions and inspirations which are beneficial to the development of human and society at present.

【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：I711.074

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