黑色狂想曲—《茫茫黑夜漫游》中“夜”的象征意象研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 23:31

  本文选题：黑夜 + 战争　； 参考：《云南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：《茫茫黑夜漫游》是法国当代作家费迪南.塞利纳的代表作和成名作,1932年,小说一经发表,立刻在文坛上掀起轩然大波,虽然遗憾地与龚古尔文学奖失之交臂,但立即获得了雷诺多文学奖,得到了许多知名人士的称赞,西蒙·德·波伏娃曾回忆说：“那一年我们最看重的法国作品,就是塞利纳的《茫茫黑夜漫游》。我们背得出许多段落......塞利纳锻造了一种新工具：一种像口语一样生动的文字。在纪德、阿兰、瓦莱里无动于衷的句子之后,多么放松啊!萨特仿效这种写法。”马尔罗甚至把自己新发表的《人的境况》赠送给这位文坛新秀,以示友谊。美国作家亨利·密勒是最早接触到这部小说的外国作家,他赞赏地说塞利纳不仅是个伟大的作家,还是个伟人。但是由于小说中的悲观主义色彩过于隆重,也遭到了一部分人的损贬,季奥诺说这部小说“很有趣,但有偏见。而且不自然,如果塞利纳确实怎么写就怎么想,他就会自杀。”褒贬不一的评论一时兴起,使塞利纳成为当时文坛的焦点。 小说以第一次世界大战为背景,通过主人公巴达谬从欧洲到非洲,再辗转至美国最后回到法国的流浪汉式的经历,讲述了战争期间以及资本主义制度下人类所面临的尴尬境地——人性丧失、道德沉沦,精神世界陷入一片黑暗之中。书中主人公经常感觉陷入茫茫黑夜,难以找到出口,使读者也感觉到难以忍受的窒息、绝望。这个黑夜既是真实的时间概念,同时也是一个象征概念,作者把自身经历与虚构故事相融合,用尖锐的笔触,独特的语言风格,深刻揭露并抨击了战争、殖民主义、资本主义。全书三十多万字,都是塞利纳的沉重叹息与深沉呼唤。 尽管塞利纳在二战期间发表过一些反犹太人的文章,戴上了种族主义的帽子,遭到了的唾弃。但是,作家本人的行为和其作品的价值并不构成等式,二战期间,描写战争,批判资本主义的文学著作不乏其例,可是大多数都消逝在和平时期,而《茫茫黑夜漫游》却成了经典,经久不衰,这足以证明该书的价值已经超越了作者层面,也超越了时空限制,因为小说的中心主题——存在、死亡、道德、战争,其实仍然是当今人类应该思考的问题,因此,该作品是值得我们去研究的。 人类从出生到死亡,就像一次旅行,有人看得到光明,有人却深陷黑暗,文中主人公巴达谬跨越三大洲,历时十余载的传奇流浪其实也是寻找黑夜尽头的过程,黑夜在他生命中不同时期、不同地点的含义是不同的。论文将从“黑夜”这一意象在文学作品中的意义入手,提炼出塞利纳笔下黑夜的形象。夜的意象将分为两大部分来研究：战争之夜,人性之夜。这些“夜”是罪恶的、不人道的,绝望的却能引人反思的。为了深刻分析夜的象征意象,文中将会贯穿小说背景,作者生平以及小说中不同场景的社会根源和时代印记,最终揭示出作者对于人类命运的深切关怀。
[Abstract]:Wandering through the Night is Ferdinand, a contemporary French writer. Selena's masterpiece and famous work, as soon as the novel was published in 1932, immediately set off a great uproar in the literary world. Although regrettably missing from the Gongul Prize for Literature, it immediately won the Renault Prize for Literature, which was praised by many famous people. Simon de Bovova once recalled: "the French work we valued most that year was Salina's Walk of the Night." We can recite many paragraphs. Selena forged a new tool: a word as vivid as spoken. After the indifferent sentences of Gide, Alan and Valery, how relaxed! Sartre emulated this writing. " Malraux even presented his new publication, the Human condition, to the literary rookie as a sign of friendship. Henry Miller, an American writer, was the first foreign writer to come into contact with the novel. He praised Salina as not only a great writer, but also a great man. But because the pessimism in the novel was too grand and was devalued by some, Theona said the novel was "interesting, but biased." And it's not natural, if Selena really writes what he thinks, he'll kill himself. " Criticism of the moment, so that Selena became the focus of the literary world at that time. The novel is set in World War I, through the tramp of the protagonist Bada, from Europe to Africa, to the United States, and finally back to France. This paper describes the embarrassing situation faced by mankind during the war and under the capitalist system-loss of human nature, moral degradation, and the spiritual world plunged into darkness. The protagonist in the book often feels trapped in the dark, difficult to find the exit, so that the reader also feel unbearable suffocation, despair. This dark night is not only a real concept of time, but also a symbolic concept. The author combines his own experience with fictional stories, uses sharp strokes, unique language style, and profoundly exposes and criticizes war, colonialism, and capitalism. More than three hundred thousand words are the heavy sigh and deep call of Selena. Although Selena published anti-Semitic articles during World War II, wearing a racist hat, was spurned. However, the author's own behavior and the value of his work do not constitute an equation. During World War II, there were many examples of literary works describing war and criticizing capitalism, but most of them disappeared in peacetime. And it's a classic, enduring, that proves that the value of the book has gone beyond the author's level and beyond the limits of time and space, because the central themes of the novel are existence, death, morality, war, In fact, it is still a problem that human beings should think about today, therefore, this work is worthy of our study. From birth to death, human beings are like a journey. Some people can see the light, others are deep in darkness. In this article, the protagonist Bada Mui spans three continents, and the legendary vagrancy that lasts more than 10 years is actually a process of finding the end of the night. The night has different meanings at different times and places in his life. This paper will begin with the meaning of the image of "night" in literary works, and refine the image of night written by Selena. The image of night will be studied in two parts: the night of war and the night of humanity. These "nights" are sinful, inhuman, desperate but reflexive. In order to deeply analyze the symbolic image of night, the text will run through the background of the novel, the author's life, the social roots and epochal imprint of different scenes in the novel, and finally reveal the author's deep concern for the fate of mankind.
【学位授予单位】：云南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：I565.074

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本文编号：1876143