镀金时代中女性玛吉的悲剧

发布时间：2018-05-26 18:10

本文选题：斯蒂芬·克莱恩 + 玛吉　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：美国自然主义先驱斯蒂芬·克莱恩是十九世纪后半期一位才华横溢富有创造力的作家。他专注于创作镀金时代下最普通民众,尤其是社会底层人民的真实的精神和物质生活,意图通过笔下的人物展示出一个真正的镀金时代。他对现代文学的先驱性贡献被高度认可,曾被福克纳称为文学的父亲。作为他的第一部小说,同时也是美国第一部自然主义小说,《街头女郎玛吉》的文学价值日渐浮现,同时也受到了越来越多的研究关注。作为一部贫民窟小说,《街头女郎玛吉》描述了玛吉的悲惨故事。玛吉生在一个极度贫苦和冷漠的家庭中,长大后和一酒吧招待员私奔,被抛弃后别无选择只能自杀。而玛吉的悲剧早已被传统,时代和自身的身份所决定。基于以往对作品的自然主义特征的研究,本论文将以传统历史主义和女性主义为理论背景,通过分析玛吉这个人物角色,尤其是她作为女性的身份来全面探讨造成她死亡悲剧的原因。本论文包括三大部分,引言,论文主体和结论。论文主体部分先分析镀金时代的精神裂缝以及玛吉的精神危机。一方面,玛吉必须严格遵守传统的道德要求。另一方面,镀金时代下新的道德理念又允许着玛吉做任何事情。然而,玛吉最后被两个阵营都抛弃了,成为了这个精神裂缝的受害者。论文第二章讨论玛吉美国梦的幻灭。在精神上,玛吉梦想着她能被人关怀和宠爱。在物质上,她渴望更好的生活。然而在镀金时代这样一个大背景下,这些梦想终是泡沫。论文最后一部分探讨玛吉作为一个他者的女性身份。从玛吉的出生开始,他者的身份就深深的刻印在她的身上。她的一生也是不断追寻自己身份的过程,而追寻的结果终究是她只是男性的附属品。通过玛吉的死,斯蒂芬·克莱恩揭露了镀金时代下女性的群体悲剧。同时,通过玛吉的悲剧,克莱恩试图去唤醒人们对这个弱势群体的关注以及采取必要的措施。
[Abstract]:Stephen Klein, a pioneer of American naturalism, was a brilliant and creative writer in the second half of the nineteenth century. He focuses on the creation of the real spiritual and material life of the most ordinary people, especially the people at the bottom of the society, in order to show a true gilded age through the characters in his writings. His pioneering contributions to modern literature are highly recognized and Faulkner once called him the father of literature. As his first novel, and also the first naturalistic novel in America, the literary value of Margie the Street Girl has emerged day by day, and has been paid more and more attention to. As a slum novel, Margie, a street girl, describes Maggie's tragic story. After growing up running off with a bartender in an extremely poor and indifferent family, Maggie had no choice but to commit suicide. Maggie's tragedy has long been determined by tradition, time and identity. Based on the previous studies on the naturalistic characteristics of the works, this thesis will take the traditional historicism and feminism as the theoretical background, through the analysis of the role of Maggie. In particular, her status as a woman to fully explore the causes of her death tragedy. This thesis includes three parts, introduction, subject and conclusion. The main part of the thesis first analyzes the spiritual cracks in the gilded age and Maggie's spiritual crisis. On the one hand, Maggie must strictly abide by traditional moral requirements. On the other hand, the new moral ideas of the gilded age allowed Maggie to do anything. However, Maggie was abandoned by both camps and became the victim of this mental rift. Chapter two discusses the disillusionment of Maggie's American dream. In spirit, Maggie dreamed of being cared for and loved. Materially, she longed for a better life. But against such a backdrop as the gilded age, these dreams are bubbles. In the last part of the thesis, we discuss Maggie's female identity as a "other". Since Maggie's birth, his identity has been deeply engraved on her. Her whole life was also a process of searching for her identity, and the result was that she was just a man's appendage. Through Maggie's death, Stephen Klein exposed the mass tragedy of women in the gilded age. At the same time, through Maggie's tragedy, Klein tries to arouse the attention of this vulnerable group and take necessary measures.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074

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