论赛珍珠创作中的人道主义思想

发布时间：2018-06-06 21:09

本文选题：赛珍珠 + 人道主义　；参考：《广西师范学院》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：美国著名女作家赛珍珠，其生活与创作均与中国有着密切的关联，既受中国文化的影响，又毕生专注于用英语创作有关中国的文学作品，促进中西文化的交流与理解，致力于消除西方人对中国的偏见。观其毕生的创作与社会活动，人道主义是其重要的指引；然而，因多方面原因，赛珍珠的人道主义思想虽为学界所公认，，但却没有受到研究者足够的重视。二十世纪以来的人道主义思想，与启蒙运动至维多利亚时期的人道主义，本就有所区别，而特殊的双语环境和女性身份又使得赛珍珠作品中所体现的人道主义思想具有独到之处。本文试图通过分析赛珍珠的主要文学作品的文本与具体历史材料，找出赛珍珠的人道主义与传统人道主义思想的契合以及不同之处，并找出赛珍珠的人道主义在全球化的今天，对人类跨越民族、阶级、性别和价值观念，以增进互相理解的现实意义。经历了两次世界大战和接连不断的小规模战争之后，人类社会在二十世纪面临着一场信仰危机：我们是谁？我们该往何处去？这两个问题，是许多关心“人道”话题的智者热衷讨论的话题，也是长久以来西方人道主义思想关注的核心。赛珍珠的作品中体现出的对于弱者的同情、怜悯，以及对于博爱、平等、自由等理想的追求，首先便是对西方文学传统中人道主义思想的继承与发扬，而以《大地》三部曲、《母亲》、《东风·西风》为首的一批“中国小说”，以人性的眼光、跨越文化、地域、种族的思想，更为西方世界读者展现了一群除了外貌之外，在诸多方面与他们几乎完全一样的中国“人”的形象，在西方世界造成了很大影响，也在一定程度上，消除了西方人对中国人错误的和敌对的想象。而《龙子》一文关于战争造成人性扭曲的描述，以及战争对于“人性”的辩证意义的反思，更体现了赛珍珠的人道主义与二十世纪西方人道主义思想的契合。《东风·西风》中所弘扬的文化与种族融合的理想，又为人类大家庭的美好未来展现了一幅满怀希望的图景。然而，除了与西方主流人道主义主题的契合之外，女性身份以及中国文化的影响又在赛珍珠的作品中留下了追求女性个体身份和价值实现，以及人道服从于天道等思想的痕迹。赛珍珠笔下以往为读者和学者视为负面角色、或受害者角色的女性，如阿兰，实际上也体现了女性的觉醒，以及女性对于自由、平等，甚至权力的渴望与追求。而《大地》中王龙对于大地的热爱以及大地对王龙的回报，《龙子》中林郯谈论的天道与日寇逆天道而行造成的人祸，以及英译《水浒传》中赞颂的“替天行道”的思想，都是赛珍珠向西方世界传递的中国智慧中所蕴含的对于宇宙中人的处境与前途的讯息。虽然赛珍珠创作的时代距离我们已经超过半个世纪，但是赛珍珠的人道主义思想对于当今的时代仍然有着重大的指导和借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:The famous American female writer Pearl Buck, whose life and creation are closely related to China, not only influenced by Chinese culture, but also devoted to writing Chinese literary works in English, promoting the exchange and understanding of Chinese and Western cultures, and trying to eliminate the prejudice of Westerners to China. However, the humanitarian thought of Pearl S. Buck has been recognized by the academic community for many reasons, but it has not been paid enough attention by the researchers. Since twentieth Century, the humanitarianism thought is different from the humanitarianism in the period of the enlightenment to Vitoria, and the special bilingual environment and female identity. It also makes the humanitarianism embodied in Pearl Buck's works unique. This article tries to find out the correspondence and differences between the humanitarianism and the traditional humanitarianism by analyzing the text and the concrete historical materials of Pearl S. Buck's main literary works, and to find out the humanitarianism of Pearl S. Buck in the present globalization. Heaven, for mankind, transcends nationality, class, gender and values to enhance mutual understanding.
After two world wars and successive small wars, the human society faced a crisis of belief in twentieth Century: who are we? Where should we go? These two questions are the topics of the wise people who are concerned about the "humanitarian" topic, and the core of the long-term concern of the western humanitarian thought. In the works of Pearl Buck, sympathy, pity, and ideal pursuit of love, equality and freedom are embodied in his works. First, it is the inheritance and development of humanitarian thought in the western literary tradition, and a series of "Chinese Novels" headed by the "earth > Trilogy", "mother >", "east wind and west wind". The western world readers have shown a group of Chinese "human" images that are almost exactly the same as they are in many respects, which have caused great influence in the western world and, to a certain extent, eliminate the wrong and hostile imagination of the Westerners to the Chinese. The description of the distortion of adult sex and the reflection of the dialectical significance of war to the "human nature" reflect the combination of humanitarianism and the humanitarian thought of the West in the twentieth Century. The ideal of cultural and racial integration carried forward in the east wind and the west wind shows a great hope for the good future of the human family. The picture.
However, in addition to the combination of the mainstream humanitarian themes in the west, the identity of women and the influence of Chinese culture left the traces of the pursuit of the individual identity and value of women and the obedience of humanitarianism to the nature of the Tao in Pearl S. Buck. Women, such as Alan, actually embody the awakening of women, and the desire and pursuit of women for freedom, equality and even power. And < the love of earth > in the earth > in the earth and the return of the earth to Wang Long, and the man-made disasters which are caused by the heaven and the Japanese aggressors in the Dragon son and Tan Tan, and the praise of the English translation of the water margin. The thought of "taking the advantage of the world" is the message of Pearl S. C. Pearl's Chinese wisdom to the western world about the situation and future of human beings in the universe.
Although the time of Pearl Buck's creation is more than half a century, Pearl Buck's humanitarianism still has great guidance and reference for today's time.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.06

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