《庭院中的女人》的女性主义思想研究

发布时间：2018-06-12 16:15

本文选题：赛珍珠 + 《庭院中的女人》　；参考：《西北师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：赛珍珠是二十世纪美国著名女性作家，她一生创作了许多脍炙人口的作品。赛珍珠先后在中国生活了近四十年，从小就接触到中国贫苦大众，目睹了处于战乱、饥荒、贫穷的中国人民的疾苦。赛珍珠格外地关注女性（尤其是中国女性）的处境。在她的作品中，成功塑造了许多栩栩如生、经典的中国女性形象，如，《大地》中的阿兰，《庭院中的女人》中的吴太太，《母亲》中的母亲等等。她认为中国女性认识自我的精神最为可贵。在她看来，妇女解放应该是妇女自身的觉醒，而不应将男性的意识内化为自己的追求。赛珍珠的女性主义观点主要有三个方面，即，肯定女性的力量、对男女平等的追求与男女的互相尊重、相互体贴。这些观点与女权主义者西蒙·波伏娃和露丝·伊利格瑞的思想相一致。本文从女性主义视角，分析了《庭院中的女人》中女性人物由被男权社会压迫的“他者”，逐步觉醒并寻求自我，从而转变为“主体”的过程，阐明了文本中体现出来的“两性和谐”的女性主义思想，并探求了赛珍珠的女性主义思想的成因。本文主要分为五章：第一章为引言，主要介绍作者赛珍珠本人的生活经历和作品、该论文的研究目的和研究意义。第二章为文献综述，主要从“赛珍珠研究”“女性主义视角下的赛珍珠研究”及“《庭院中的女人》的研究”三个方面进行赛珍珠研究现状的评述。从而对于之前研究提出不足，并阐明本文的新意。第三章为理论框架，简单介绍女性主义理论的发展演变，着重阐述了本篇论文的理论依据“主体”与“他者”和“两性和谐”的意义。西蒙·德·波伏娃指出女性臣服于父权制的原因，并提出女性应该自我觉醒，实现自我的主体地位。露丝·伊利格瑞认为男女之间要建立桥梁，在两个“主体”相互尊重的基础上，学会互相帮助、交流，实现更高层次的自我价值、自由和幸福。第四章主要通过分析《庭院中的女人》的主要女性人物（吴太太、萌萌、若兰、琳仪和秋明），阐明文本中所体现的女性主义思想。对这些女性的分析表明，当她们处于被男性主宰的初级阶段时，有些人完全心甘情愿地臣服于父权制；有些深知无力与父权制相抗衡，只能默默承受；也有人通过言行进行一定程度地反抗，但仍不具有“主体”意识，没能摆脱“他者”的地位。当她们逐渐自我觉醒，在一定程度上具有自我意识时，她们或打破沉默、奋起抗争；或在别人的帮助下进行自我觉醒，或通过冥想、思考来实现自我觉醒。最后，她们通过别人的指引，或为寻找出路而脱离家庭，或积极参与公共慈善事业，而找到并主宰自我，成为个人主体。在论述男女之间平等自由思想时，本篇论文在分析该小说中存在的中国传统的夫妻关系模式（女仆模式、女王模式、老夫少妻模式）和女性在家庭中的附属地位（传宗接代的工具和女仆）的基础上，论述了赛珍珠所提倡的自由和平等的两性关系，并从社会背景、家庭环境和教育经历三个方面探究了赛珍珠之女性主义思想的成因。第五章结语部分重申本文的研究意义，即：第一，为读者提供一种独特的阅读视角；第二，力求帮助读者更好地了解这位伟大的作家赛珍珠；最后为现代男女提供一种和谐的两性关系模式。简言之，在之前赛珍珠作品的女性主义研究的基础上，，在除了呈现女性所处困境之外，这篇论文侧重于为女性找出一条走出困境的道路——建立两性和谐。也就是说，无论是小说中女性还是现代女性，她们首先要进行自我觉醒,并与男性建立平等、相互尊重的两性关系。其次，在承认“两个主体”的基础上，他们彼此能够有更好的理解与交流。最终不仅能创造更多的物质财富，并且能够建立丰富的精神世界，从而实现更高层次的自我价值，获得自由与幸福。
[Abstract]:Pearl Buck, a famous American woman writer in the twentieth Century, created many popular works in her life. Pearl S. pearl, who has lived in China for nearly forty years, has come into contact with the Chinese poor and witnessed the suffering of the Chinese people in war, famine and poor. In her works, she has successfully created many vivid and classic Chinese female images, such as "the Alan in the earth", "the woman in the courtyard", "Mrs. Wu in the courtyard", "mother" in the mother > mother and so on. She thinks that the Chinese women have the most valuable understanding of themselves. In her view, women's liberation should be the awakening of women themselves, but not the men. The feminist viewpoint of Pearl S. Buck has three main aspects: the affirmation of women's power, the pursuit of equality between men and women and mutual respect between men and women, and mutual considerate. These views are in accordance with the ideas of feminist Simon Beauvior and Ruth illgrey.
From the perspective of feminism, this paper analyzes the feminist thinking of "the gender harmony" reflected in the text of "the other" in the woman > in the courtyard and the "other", oppressed by the patriarchal society, gradually awakening and seeking self, and clarifies the feminist thought of "Pearl". Because of.
This article is divided into five chapters: the first chapter is the introduction, which mainly introduces the author's life experience and works, the purpose of the study and the significance of the study. The second chapter is the literature review, mainly from the three aspects of "Pearl S. Buck research", "Pearl S. Buck research under feminist perspective" and "the study of women in the courtyard". The review of the present situation of Pearl S. Buck studies the present situation. The third chapter is the theoretical framework, a brief introduction to the development and evolution of feminist theory, and the significance of the theoretical basis of this thesis on the basis of "subject" and "the other" and "gender harmony". Simon de Beauvoir points out women. Sex is subservient to the reason of patriarchy, and puts forward that women should be self awakening and realize the main position of self. Ruth Yili Gray believes that between men and women, a bridge should be built between men and women, and on the basis of mutual respect between the two "subjects", they learn to help each other, communicate and achieve a higher level of self value, freedom and happiness. The fourth chapter is mainly through the analysis of < The women in the courtyard, the main female characters (Wu Taitai, Meng Meng, Lilan, Linyi and Tyumen), illustrate the feminist ideas embodied in the text. The analysis of these women shows that when they are in the primary stage of being dominated by men, some are willing to submit to the patriarchal system with their willingly willingness; some are deeply aware of the inability to compete with the patriarchal system, It can only be withheld in silence; there are some people who revolt to a certain extent through words and deeds, but still do not have the "subject" consciousness and can not get rid of the status of the "other". When they are gradually self awakening and to a certain degree of self consciousness, they may break the silence and struggle against them; or they are awakened by the help of others, or through the meditation. Thinking, thinking to realize self awakening. Finally, they find and dominate the self, and become individual subjects through the guidance of others, or to find a way out of the family, or actively participate in public philanthropy. In the discussion of the equality and freedom of thought between men and women, this paper is to analyze the traditional Chinese marital relationship pattern in the novel. On the basis of the maid model, Queen model, the old husband's wife model) and the female affiliation in the family (the tools and maids) of the family, this paper discusses the freedom and equal sexual relationship advocated by Pearl S. Buck, and explores the causes of the feminist thought of Pearl S. Buck from three aspects of social background, family environment and educational experience. The five chapter reaffirms the significance of this study, namely: first, to provide readers with a unique reading perspective; second, to help readers to better understand the great writer Pearl S. Buck; finally, provide a harmonious pattern of gender relations for modern men and women.
In short, on the basis of the feminist study of Pearl Buck's work before, in addition to the plight of women, this paper focuses on finding a way out of the predicament for women - to establish a gender harmony. That is to say, whether women or modern women in the novel, they are first to be self awakening, and with men. Secondly, on the basis of the recognition of the "two subjects", they can have a better understanding and exchange. In the end, they can not only create more material wealth, but also create a rich spiritual world, thus achieving a higher level of self-worth and freedom and happiness.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074

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