从后现代主义视角解读福克纳作品的哥特风格

发布时间：2018-06-23 02:27

本文选题：福克纳 + 哥特风格　；参考：《青岛大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：威廉·福克纳是20世纪美国最伟大的小说家之一,一生斧就了19部长篇及129个短篇,其中主要以“约克纳帕塔法”世系小说著称于世。在创作中,他大量运用了哥特式手法,并以其特有的敏锐洞察力,持续深入地描写了美国南方人物浮沉、世态炎凉和历史变迁的社会景象,进而对人类的心灵世界进行了深刻剖析。其多数作品在人物塑造、情节设置、阴森可怕的场景描绘与神秘恐怖的气氛渲染等方而具有明显的哥特式特征。当前学术界对福克纳的研究几乎涵盖了所有的理论视角,如新批评、文化批评、心理分析、结构主义、后结构主义、现代主义以及后现代主义等。迄今为止,虽然有多位评论家论及福克纳作品的哥特色彩,但主要集中在对其中两三部小说的哥特元素进行个案分析,鲜有深入的专题研究,尤其没有将其与作者作品的后现代特质联系起来考量。本文选取了作者具有哥特色彩的作品：《圣殿》、《八月之光》、《押沙龙,押沙龙!》、《献给爱米丽的一朵玫瑰花》进行分析,并对其中所展现的四种哥特元素：人物、环境、情节、主题,以及其中所体现的后现代主义特征进行探究,旨在确立其作品中的哥特元素与后现代主义之间的联系,从而揭示其哥特风格的独到之处。福克纳的哥特世界悬念迭起、暗流涌动,更重要的是他在作品中探索了人物内心的压抑及其暴力的释放,反映了美国南方社会中人们的身份迷失与价值缺失,阐释了人类因无法透彻认识自身及所处环境而产生的困惑与焦虑,进而表达了作者对南方黑暗腐朽的势力及文化的控诉,对资本主义意识形态的反叛和对人性的呼唤。作者作品中的哥特艺术价值及其中所展现的后现代主义特征,两者的有机结合具有了一种后现代哥特的倾向,使其作品具有了可贵的广度和深度,对南方文学及美国文学,甚至是世界文学的繁荣都做出了很大的贡献。
[Abstract]:William Faulkner is one of the greatest American novelists in the 20th century. In his creation, he used a lot of Gothic techniques, and with his unique keen insight, he continuously and deeply described the social scene of the people of the South of the United States, such as floating, cool and historical changes. Furthermore, it deeply analyzes the world of human mind. Most of his works have obvious Gothic characteristics in character shaping, plot setting, dark and horrible scene description and mysterious and horrible atmosphere rendering. The current academic research on Faulkner covers almost all theoretical perspectives, such as new criticism, cultural criticism, psychoanalysis, structuralism, post-structuralism, modernism and postmodernism. So far, although many critics have discussed the Gothic color of Faulkner's works, they have mainly focused on the case study of Gothic elements in two or three novels. In particular, it does not relate to the postmodernism of the author's work. This paper selects the author's Gothic works: Temple, Light in August, Absalom, Absalom!, A Rose for Emily, and analyzes the four Gothic elements: characters, circumstances, and plots. The theme, as well as the postmodernism characteristic embodied in it, aims to establish the connection between Gothic elements and postmodernism in his works, thus revealing the originality of his Gothic style. Faulkner's Gothic world is full of suspense, undercurrent, and, more importantly, he explores the inner repression of the characters and the release of violence, which reflects the loss of identity and the loss of value of people in the American Southern society. This paper explains the confusion and anxiety caused by human beings' inability to fully understand themselves and their environment, and then expresses the author's accusation of the dark and decadent forces and culture in the South, the rebellion of capitalist ideology and the call of human nature. The value of Gothic art in the author's works and its postmodernism features, the organic combination of the two has a tendency of post-modern Gothic, which makes his works have a valuable breadth and depth, to the Southern literature and American literature. Even the prosperity of world literature has made great contributions.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074

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