从《美国讲稿》看卡尔维诺美学观
发布时间：2018-09-03 13:28
【摘要】：享有世界声誉的卡尔维诺作为意大利的国宝级作家,无论是在创作实践还是文学理论上都获得了一定的成就。他对文学充满信心,致力于发现小说艺术的无限可能性,是“作家中的作家”。他在毕生的创作生涯中结合前辈留下的经典作品、同行创作的启示和自己的写作经验来不断探究未来文学所应该具有的主要价值观。本文将会在问题意识、透视性观念的指导下,在细读文本的基础上思考研究卡尔维诺的美学观,以期获得对小说形式和内容上新的理解和探索。 卡尔维诺的美学观与他所属的时代背景、成长经历都有着密切的关系。重视科学研究的家庭氛围让他与大自然、科学结下了不解之缘,符号学、结构主义、解构主义等同台共舞的哲学观念开阔了卡尔维诺的思考空间,意大利的民间传说、经典的传统文学作品也给予卡尔维诺不少创作的启发。卡尔维诺是以一种游戏精神在时间跨度中走向多元开放,就像是他自己所钟爱的“结晶体”一样。 卡尔维诺的文学理论主要集中在《美国讲稿》中,主要对“轻逸”、“速度”、“精确”、“形象鲜明”、“内容多样”等五种文学价值观进行了独特的阐释。“轻逸”是对沉重的世界的反抗,希望能以一个新的视角来背负现实之轻,承受生命之重；“速度”是能最有效地表达所要叙述的内容,读者可以迅速领悟文意；“精确”是对文学创作中的构思、视觉形象、语言方面的严格要求,力求无限接近事物的本来面目；“形象鲜明”是文本内容的组织要有一个鲜明的形象,注重引发读者的想象来丰富文本的内涵；“内容多样”是兼容并包的文学,试图囊括世间一切事物。 卡尔维诺的作品呈现出迷宫风格、具有繁复的开放性,也是一片象征的森林。他探讨社会快速发展进程中面临的危机,揭示人的精神遇到的分裂与异化,也希望可以在现实的混乱和沉重中寻得“诗意的栖息”。研究卡尔维诺的美学观,追随卡尔维诺的心智轨迹,我们得到的不仅是一种文学主张,更多的是对未来文学思考的方向。
[Abstract]:Calvino, who enjoys the world reputation as a national treasure writer in Italy, has made some achievements in both literary practice and literary theory. Full of faith in literature and devoted to discovering the infinite possibilities of novel art, he is a writer among writers. In his life of writing, he continued to explore the main values of future literature by combining the classical works left by his predecessors, the inspiration of his peers' creation and his own writing experience. Under the guidance of problem consciousness and perspective concept, this paper will study Calvino's aesthetic view on the basis of reading the text carefully, in order to get a new understanding and exploration on the form and content of the novel. Calvino's aesthetic view is closely related to his background and growing experience. The family atmosphere of paying attention to scientific research made him inextricably related to nature. The philosophical concepts of semiotics, structuralism, deconstruction, and so on have broadened Calvino's thinking space and Italian folklore. Classic traditional literature also gave Calvino a lot of creative inspiration. Calvino is a spirit of play in the time span towards pluralistic openness, like his own favorite "crystal." Calvino's literary theory is mainly concentrated in American speech, which mainly explains five literary values such as "ease", "speed", "precision", "vivid image" and "diversity of content". "Light and easy" is the resistance to the heavy world, hoping to bear the light of reality and the weight of life in a new perspective, "speed" is the most effective expression of the content to be described, the reader can quickly understand the meaning of the text; "Precision" is the strict requirement of conception, visual image and language in literary creation, striving to be infinitely close to the true appearance of things, "vivid image" is the organization of text content should have a distinct image, Pay attention to the imagination of readers to enrich the connotation of the text, "content diversity" is inclusive literature, trying to cover everything in the world. Calvino's works show labyrinth style, with complex openness, but also a symbolic forest. He explores the crisis in the rapid development of society, reveals the division and alienation of human spirit, and hopes to find "poetic habitat" in the confusion and heavy reality. By studying Calvino's aesthetic view and following Calvino's mental trajectory, we get not only a kind of literary proposition, but also the direction of thinking about the future literature.
【学位授予单位】：海南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：I546.06
本文编号：2220106
[Abstract]:Calvino, who enjoys the world reputation as a national treasure writer in Italy, has made some achievements in both literary practice and literary theory. Full of faith in literature and devoted to discovering the infinite possibilities of novel art, he is a writer among writers. In his life of writing, he continued to explore the main values of future literature by combining the classical works left by his predecessors, the inspiration of his peers' creation and his own writing experience. Under the guidance of problem consciousness and perspective concept, this paper will study Calvino's aesthetic view on the basis of reading the text carefully, in order to get a new understanding and exploration on the form and content of the novel. Calvino's aesthetic view is closely related to his background and growing experience. The family atmosphere of paying attention to scientific research made him inextricably related to nature. The philosophical concepts of semiotics, structuralism, deconstruction, and so on have broadened Calvino's thinking space and Italian folklore. Classic traditional literature also gave Calvino a lot of creative inspiration. Calvino is a spirit of play in the time span towards pluralistic openness, like his own favorite "crystal." Calvino's literary theory is mainly concentrated in American speech, which mainly explains five literary values such as "ease", "speed", "precision", "vivid image" and "diversity of content". "Light and easy" is the resistance to the heavy world, hoping to bear the light of reality and the weight of life in a new perspective, "speed" is the most effective expression of the content to be described, the reader can quickly understand the meaning of the text; "Precision" is the strict requirement of conception, visual image and language in literary creation, striving to be infinitely close to the true appearance of things, "vivid image" is the organization of text content should have a distinct image, Pay attention to the imagination of readers to enrich the connotation of the text, "content diversity" is inclusive literature, trying to cover everything in the world. Calvino's works show labyrinth style, with complex openness, but also a symbolic forest. He explores the crisis in the rapid development of society, reveals the division and alienation of human spirit, and hopes to find "poetic habitat" in the confusion and heavy reality. By studying Calvino's aesthetic view and following Calvino's mental trajectory, we get not only a kind of literary proposition, but also the direction of thinking about the future literature.
【学位授予单位】：海南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：I546.06
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