《紫色》的叙事特点解析

发布时间：2018-09-03 14:05

【摘要】：艾丽斯·沃克是二十世纪当代美国文学界最著名、最杰出的黑人作家，而且当时美国黑人作家对美国文学的发展有着巨大的影响。自从1982年《紫色》问世以来，这部小说成为了她文学作品的巅峰之作。艾丽斯沃克具备着黑人杰出作家最突出的特点，在种族主义和种族歧视的双重压力之下，逐渐摆脱压迫的束缚，完成了黑人女性意识的解放。她的作品深受左拉·尼尔·赫斯顿的影响，尽管赫斯顿曾一度被同时代的学者遗忘，但是她的文学天赋是毋庸置疑的。作为一名女性作家，艾丽斯·沃克认为女性主义者是完全的独立个体，有人认为艾丽斯·沃克的本质被比喻成洋葱，当你剥开一层的时候，另一层就会呈现在你的眼前。艾丽斯·沃克之所以被认为是一名女性作家的原因是她的作品和种族活动大多数基于性别认同。在她的文学作品中，艾丽斯·沃克运用其独特的空白艺术和美国黑人口语来谈论黑人女性的觉醒和自我意识，最后寻找女性声音和自我解放，，从她的母亲和其他黑人女性，尤其她本身的不幸的人生经历得到启发，她成为美国黑人女性摆脱束缚的先驱。在《寻找母亲的花园》中，她提到从她母亲的身上，她看到了反抗压迫的巨大力量和潜力。因此，她的文学作品一定会给予其他的美国黑人女性作家以鼓励来寻找自己的独立声音。《紫色》被认为是艾丽斯·沃克最杰出的作品之一。在艾丽斯·沃克看来，痛苦是人生中重要的组成部分，从小说中我们可以了解到女主人公茜莉从单纯，无助成长为成熟以及具有独立做人的性格变化的坚强女性。本论文由引言、正文和结论三部分组成。引言部分综述艾丽斯·沃克的生活经历对作品、主旨和最杰出的作品《紫色》的影响。其次这部分介绍了当前国内外对于这部小说的研究方向以及研究现状并且阐述了文章的写作目的、方法和写作的理论与现实意义。正文包括四章：第一章介绍本文的理论研究基础叙事学和女性叙事学。作为一门有价值的、新兴的理论，通过叙事声音、叙事结构以及叙事语言分析了其文学特征。艾丽斯·沃克采用独特的叙事视角，拉近了读者与作者的情感并产生共鸣，有利于我们从一个全新的视觉来研究《紫色》从而开启了另一扇研究该小说的大门。第二章从三个方面来介绍本文的叙事声音。此部分分析了艾丽斯·沃克的人生、写作生涯和其作品，同时探讨了黑人的悲惨生活对黑人文学的影响以及《紫色》中茜莉的个人声音和最终确立了自己的主体地位。长期以来，黑人问题就是美国社会最大的问题之一，而且两百多年来，这一问题始终没有得到根本解决。艾丽斯·沃克可以说是黑人妇女文学从黑人传统抗议小说走向新现实主义小说的代表作家。第三章探讨了小说的叙述结构分别从自由直接引语，空白艺术以及复调技巧三方面来进行叙述。本章讨论了自由直接引语的运用使读者能够很直接的了解主人公的情感，实现感同身受。在黑人处于痛苦折磨的情况之下，独特的空白艺术的形成恰恰反映了在白人的种族歧视之下的压迫和折磨，尽管在小说的结尾，女主人公得到自由和自我解放，但是对于她们来说还会有很长的一段路要走。通过本篇小说，读者能感觉到作者的真实感情并且为读者提供了一条了解作者的途径。最后一部分讨论作者、茜莉及其他主人利用复调技巧对女性意识进行探讨。第四章从四个方面深入地探讨了《紫色》的叙述语言：黑人文化对黑人英语的影响、叙述语言书信体结构、聚焦以及第一人称转换。首先，沃克试图寻找黑人文化是怎么样影响黑人英语的形成和发展的，其次，此部分分析了书信体结构利用其本身特点为黑人女性开辟一条道路来说出自己的想法以及促进女性自我觉醒的形成。聚焦的研究提供了一条新的分析读者视角的途径。最后一部分作为一个揭示主旨的主要途径，第一人称叙述法成为了读者和作者的桥梁。结论部分总结了作者的独特写作技巧及其特殊意义和深远影响，尤其是黑人女性作家来说。艾丽斯·沃克提升了美国黑人作家的文学价值观并为黑人女性作家的思想解放和重建树立了一个很好的榜样。
[Abstract]:Alice Walker is the most famous and outstanding black writer in contemporary American literature in the twentieth century, and at that time, black American writers had a great influence on the development of American literature. Since the publication of Purple in 1982, this novel has become the peak of her literary works. Alice Walker has the most outstanding black writers. Under the dual pressure of racism and racial discrimination, she gradually shakes off the bondage of oppression and accomplishes the liberation of black women's consciousness. Her works are deeply influenced by Zola Neil Hurston. Although Hurston was once forgotten by contemporary scholars, her literary talent is beyond doubt.
As a female writer, Alice Walker thinks that feminists are completely independent. Some people think that Alice Walker's essence is compared to onions. When you peel off one layer, another layer will appear in front of you. Alice Walker is considered a female writer because of her works and race. In her literary works, Alice Walker uses her unique blank art and American black spoken language to talk about the awakening and self-consciousness of black women, and finally to seek female voice and self-liberation, inspired by her mother and other black women, especially her own unfortunate life experiences. Far, she became a pioneer of African-American women's freedom from bondage. In "Looking for a Mother's Garden," she mentioned that from her mother, she saw great strength and potential to resist oppression. Therefore, her literary works will certainly give other African-American women writers encouragement to find their own independent voice.
Purple is considered to be one of Alice Walker's most outstanding works. In Alice Walker's view, pain is an important part of life. From the novel, we can see that the heroine Celie grows up from simple, helpless to mature and strong women with independent personality changes.
The introduction summarizes the influence of Alice Walker's life experience on her works, themes and the most outstanding work The Color Purple. Secondly, this part introduces the current research direction and research status of the novel at home and abroad, and expounds the purpose, methods and writing of the article. Theoretical and practical significance.
The text includes four chapters: The first chapter introduces the basic theory of narratology and female narratology. As a valuable and emerging theory, Alice Walker uses a unique narrative perspective to draw readers'and authors' emotions closer and resonate. It is helpful for us to study Purple from a new perspective, thus opening another door to study the novel.
The second chapter introduces the narrative voice of this article from three aspects. This part analyzes Alice Walker's life, writing career and her works. At the same time, it explores the influence of the miserable life of the black people on the black literature, as well as the personal voice of Lieutenant Celie in Purple and finally establishes her subjectivity. Alice Walker is one of the greatest problems in Chinese society, and it has not been solved thoroughly for more than two hundred years. Alice Walker is a representative writer of black women's literature from traditional black protest novels to neo-realist novels.
Chapter Three discusses the narrative structure of the novel from three aspects: free direct speech, blank art and polyphonic techniques. This chapter discusses the use of free direct speech to enable readers to understand the hero's feelings directly and realize empathy. Although the heroines are free and self-liberated at the end of the novel, they still have a long way to go. Through this novel, readers can feel the author's true feelings and provide readers with a way to understand the author. The last part discusses the author, Celie and other hosts'use of polyphonic techniques to explore female consciousness.
Chapter Four explores the narrative language of Purple from four perspectives: the influence of black culture on black English, the epistolary structure of narrative language, the focus and the first-person transformation. First, Walker tries to find out how black culture influences the formation and development of black English. Second, this part analyzes the use of epistolary structure. Its own characteristics open a way for black women to express their ideas and promote the formation of women's self-awakening. Focused research provides a new way to analyze the reader's perspective.
The conclusion summarizes the author's unique writing skills and their special significance and far-reaching influence, especially for black female writers. Alice Walker has promoted the literary values of black American writers and set a good example for the ideological emancipation and reconstruction of black female writers.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074

【共引文献】