欧洲浪漫主义文学思潮中的“民族自由”问题研究
发布时间：2018-09-10 14:31
【摘要】：人类社会发展的历史是一部逐渐摆脱自然条件、社会关系的束缚,并不断由不自由向某种程度的自由转化的历史。人是世界的中心,也是文学的中心,浪漫主义文学思潮作为西方意识形态里发生的最大范围、最大程度的一次转变,它有别于在此之前对启蒙、理性的追崇,而是开始关注自由,以无可訾议的不朽形式表达内心,并强化自由在浪漫主义价值观念中无可替代的核心地位。 “民族意识”是保持民族自由、独立的根基,是特定民族存在的必然性法则。“自由精神”,作为贯穿整个浪漫主义时期最核心、最根本的文学旨要,从起源上就具有一种独立、自觉的力量,它引领着整个欧洲的文学创作者、文艺理论家、批评家以大量笔墨极富热情地高歌自由。因而,19世纪的欧洲,不可胜数的浪漫主义文学家们以民族的共同精神为纽带,以文学创作的自由选择为武器,以前所未有的一致主张来呼喊那沉睡已久的民族认同与自由觉醒,把“民族自由”作为历史发展中特定的、自觉的走向,最终成就着西方人一次永恒的、显著的且具有积极创造性的思想升华。 本文不仅探讨“民族意识”与“自由精神”的内在关系,而且创新性地从文学现象、理论及具体创作中对“民族自由”思潮进行学理界定： 论文第一章从欧洲浪漫主义文学中蔚然可观的“民族自由”现象入手,集中阐释“民族自由”思潮的精神内核,并引出其在浪漫主义文学创作中的三种基本文学范式；第二章以西欧的爱尔兰、苏格兰、德意志为对象,从爱尔兰“反抗与起义”的民族自治、苏格兰“生而自由”的民族认同和德意志“情感归属”中的民族统一入手,深入探析这些民族内部的意识觉醒及其文学表达；第三章通过分析法国流亡斗士斯塔尔夫人抗争民族偏见、英国诗坛“双子星”拜伦与雪莱心怀天下的世界主义理想与行动,以这一时期欧洲浪漫主义大师们真切、质朴的文学创作当蓝本,彰显西欧各民族诗人为其他民族奔走呼告的自由抒怀；第四章以波兰、匈牙利为主线,阐述在法国大革命和拿破仑战争背景下,东南欧、中欧各民族在政治上争取民族的独立、解放与自由,在文学创作层面推进“民族自由”思潮,将渗透在文学世界的自由、民族之光探索出来的努力尝试。 综上可知,“民族自由”思潮是闪耀在19世纪欧洲每个民族的历史长河里一颗璀璨夺目的明珠,它既用来捍卫和传承自由、民主、平等的文化革新,又能够成为坚守理性、道德、价值的有效武器,更是群体意识的一次精神洗礼。总之,对19世纪整个欧洲浪漫主义文学海洋里“民族自由”问题的观照与叩问,使其最终在这个时代浪漫主义文学的每一个旨义里无孔不入,熠熠生辉。
[Abstract]:The history of the development of human society is a history of gradually getting rid of the natural conditions, the shackles of social relations, and constantly changing from non-freedom to some degree of freedom. Man is the center of the world and also the center of literature. Romantic literary thought, as the largest and largest change in western ideology, is different from the pursuit of enlightenment and reason before this. Instead, they begin to pay attention to freedom, express their hearts in an unassailable immortal form, and strengthen the irreplaceable core position of freedom in romantic values. National consciousness is the foundation of maintaining national freedom and independence, and the rule of inevitability of the existence of a particular nation. The "free spirit", as the core of the whole Romantic period and the most fundamental literary purpose, has an independent and conscious power from the origin. It leads the literary creators and literary theorists throughout Europe. The critic sang freely with a great deal of pen and ink. Thus in Europe in the 19th century, countless Romantic writers took the common spirit of the nation as a link, took the free choice of literary creation as a weapon, and shouted at the long-dormant national identity and the awakening of freedom with an unprecedented consensus. Taking "national freedom" as a specific and conscious trend in the historical development, it is a lasting, remarkable and positive and creative thought sublimation of westerners. This paper not only discusses the internal relationship between "national consciousness" and "free spirit", but also innovates from the literary phenomenon. In theory and concrete creation, the author defines the thought of "national freedom": the first chapter begins with the phenomenal phenomenon of "national freedom" in European Romantic literature. Focusing on the spiritual core of the ideological trend of "National Freedom", and drawing out its three basic literary paradigms in Romantic literary creation. The second chapter takes Ireland, Scotland and Germany in Western Europe as the objects. Starting with the national autonomy of "revolt and uprising" in Ireland, the national identity of "born free" in Scotland and the national unity in "emotional attribution" of Germany, this paper probes into the awakening of consciousness and its literary expression within these peoples. The third chapter through the analysis of French exiled fighter Mrs. Starr's resistance to national prejudice, British poetry "Gemini" Byron and Shelley's cosmopolitan ideals and actions, with this period of European romanticism masters true, The plain literary creation is the blueprint, which shows the free expression of the poets of all nationalities in Western Europe. The fourth chapter, taking Poland and Hungary as the main line, expounds that in the context of the French Revolution and the Napoleon War, South-Eastern Europe, in the context of the French Revolution and the Napoleon War, The Chinese and European nationalities strive for national independence, liberation and freedom politically, and push forward the trend of thought of "national freedom" in the literary creation level, which will permeate the freedom of the literary world and try hard to explore the light of the nation. In summary, the trend of thought of "national freedom" is a shining pearl in the history of every nation in Europe in the 19th century. It is used to defend and inherit the cultural innovation of freedom, democracy and equality, and it can also become a stick to reason. The effective weapon of morality and value is a spiritual baptism of group consciousness. In a word, the question of "national freedom" in the whole European Romantic literature of the 19th century is considered and questioned, which makes it shine and shine in every aim of Romantic literature of this era.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I109.9
本文编号：2234723
[Abstract]:The history of the development of human society is a history of gradually getting rid of the natural conditions, the shackles of social relations, and constantly changing from non-freedom to some degree of freedom. Man is the center of the world and also the center of literature. Romantic literary thought, as the largest and largest change in western ideology, is different from the pursuit of enlightenment and reason before this. Instead, they begin to pay attention to freedom, express their hearts in an unassailable immortal form, and strengthen the irreplaceable core position of freedom in romantic values. National consciousness is the foundation of maintaining national freedom and independence, and the rule of inevitability of the existence of a particular nation. The "free spirit", as the core of the whole Romantic period and the most fundamental literary purpose, has an independent and conscious power from the origin. It leads the literary creators and literary theorists throughout Europe. The critic sang freely with a great deal of pen and ink. Thus in Europe in the 19th century, countless Romantic writers took the common spirit of the nation as a link, took the free choice of literary creation as a weapon, and shouted at the long-dormant national identity and the awakening of freedom with an unprecedented consensus. Taking "national freedom" as a specific and conscious trend in the historical development, it is a lasting, remarkable and positive and creative thought sublimation of westerners. This paper not only discusses the internal relationship between "national consciousness" and "free spirit", but also innovates from the literary phenomenon. In theory and concrete creation, the author defines the thought of "national freedom": the first chapter begins with the phenomenal phenomenon of "national freedom" in European Romantic literature. Focusing on the spiritual core of the ideological trend of "National Freedom", and drawing out its three basic literary paradigms in Romantic literary creation. The second chapter takes Ireland, Scotland and Germany in Western Europe as the objects. Starting with the national autonomy of "revolt and uprising" in Ireland, the national identity of "born free" in Scotland and the national unity in "emotional attribution" of Germany, this paper probes into the awakening of consciousness and its literary expression within these peoples. The third chapter through the analysis of French exiled fighter Mrs. Starr's resistance to national prejudice, British poetry "Gemini" Byron and Shelley's cosmopolitan ideals and actions, with this period of European romanticism masters true, The plain literary creation is the blueprint, which shows the free expression of the poets of all nationalities in Western Europe. The fourth chapter, taking Poland and Hungary as the main line, expounds that in the context of the French Revolution and the Napoleon War, South-Eastern Europe, in the context of the French Revolution and the Napoleon War, The Chinese and European nationalities strive for national independence, liberation and freedom politically, and push forward the trend of thought of "national freedom" in the literary creation level, which will permeate the freedom of the literary world and try hard to explore the light of the nation. In summary, the trend of thought of "national freedom" is a shining pearl in the history of every nation in Europe in the 19th century. It is used to defend and inherit the cultural innovation of freedom, democracy and equality, and it can also become a stick to reason. The effective weapon of morality and value is a spiritual baptism of group consciousness. In a word, the question of "national freedom" in the whole European Romantic literature of the 19th century is considered and questioned, which makes it shine and shine in every aim of Romantic literature of this era.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I109.9
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