论《阳光下的葡萄干》中的黑人妇女形象
发布时间：2018-10-23 07:04
【摘要】：作为美国统治意识形态的一部分,黑人妇女的负面形象长期存在于以白人父权主义为主的美国主流文化中。对黑人妇女形象的刻意“恶化”不仅使得对黑人妇女的各种压迫合法化,而且严重阻碍了黑人妇女自我意识的发展。此外,对黑人妇女形象的刻意恶化还使得黑人妇女的精神面貌和生活状况长期得不到真实的反映和足够的社会关注,处于边缘化地位。因此,重塑黑人女性形象成为美国黑人女作家创作的重要主题之一。 美国著名黑人女剧作家洛林·汉斯贝里创作的戏剧《阳光下的葡萄干》就是这样一部反映黑人妇女真实面貌的作品。该剧于1959年在百老汇首演后获得巨大成功。与当时黑人文学流行的“抗议小说”传统相反,《阳光下的葡萄干》努力呈现黑人人民乐观,积极的生活态度。此外,值得一提的是剧作家本人的个人经历对该剧的创作产生了巨大影响,并由此被广泛认为是汉斯贝里的半自传形式的作品。这使得作家对剧中人物有更好的把握,对细节和场景有更细致的描写,这些都无疑增添了作品的真实性和研究价值。 笔者认为作为美国六十年代最著名的黑人女性剧作家,洛林·汉斯贝里的作品中不可避免地表现出强烈的黑人女性主义意识。《阳光下的葡萄干》挑战了黑人妇女在文学中的负面形象以及社会对黑人妇女的偏见,成功塑造了使人耳目一新的黑人妇女形象,使得剧中的女性角色格外引人注目。本文试图通过分析剧中的三位女性角色,提出本剧挑战了黑人妇女的旧形象,打破了压迫黑人妇女的统治逻辑,这也是黑人女作家写作的重要主题。此外,笔者还认为与同时代的黑人女作家相比,洛林·汉斯贝里并没有像她们那样着重描写或塑造某一位英雄式的黑人女性,她从黑人女性的独特角度观察黑人女性的日常生活,并揭示了在六十年代美国大规模民权运动爆发前夕初现端倪的黑人女性的自我意识、民族意识和女性意识的不断增强。剧中的三位女性属于三个不同年代,分别代表了黑人母亲、妻子和女几的形象。作家塑造的这三位性格迥异的黑人妇女,打破了在美国文学史上黑人妇女或卑贱化,或英雄化这种非此即彼的“二元对立”的形象,展现了劳动阶层黑人妇女的真实生活状态,重塑黑人妇女真实丰满的形象,成功描写了黑人女性的复杂性,多样性和差异性。
[Abstract]:As a part of American ruling ideology, the negative image of black women has long existed in the mainstream American culture dominated by white patriarchy. The "deterioration" of black women's image not only legitimizes all kinds of oppression against black women, but also seriously hinders the development of black women's self-consciousness. In addition, the deterioration of the image of black women makes the spiritual outlook and living conditions of black women lack real reflection and sufficient social attention for a long time, and they are marginalized. Therefore, reconstructing the image of black women has become one of the important themes of American black women writers. Lorraine Hans Berry, a famous American black woman playwright, is a work that reflects the true appearance of black women. The play was a great success after it premiered on Broadway in 1959. Contrary to the popular tradition of "protest novels" in black literature at that time, raisins in the Sun strive to present the optimistic and positive attitude of the black people. In addition, it is worth mentioning that the personal experience of the playwright has a great influence on the creation of the play, and is widely regarded as a semi-autobiographical form of Hans Berry. This makes the writer have a better grasp of the characters, more detailed description of the details and scenes, which undoubtedly increase the authenticity and research value of the work. I believe that as the most famous black female playwright in the 1960s, Lorraine Hans Berry's works inevitably show a strong black feminist consciousness. Raisins in the Sun challenge the negative image of black women in literature and social prejudice against black women. The successful creation of a refreshing black woman image, making the female role in the play particularly noticeable. By analyzing the three female characters in the play, this paper proposes that the play challenges the old image of black women and breaks the ruling logic of oppressing black women, which is also an important theme in the writing of black women writers. In addition, the author believes that Lorraine Hans Berry does not focus on depicting or portraying a certain heroic black woman in comparison with contemporary black women writers. She observed the daily life of black women from the unique perspective of black women, and revealed the growing self-consciousness, national consciousness and female consciousness of black women who appeared on the eve of the outbreak of the large-scale civil rights movement in the United States in the 1960s. The three women in the play belong to three different ages, representing the images of black mother, wife and female. The three black women of different personalities created by the writers broke the image of black women in the history of American literature as "dualistic opposites" of either one or the other, and showed the real living conditions of black women in the working class. Reconstructing the true and full image of black women successfully describes the complexity, diversity and difference of black women.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.073
本文编号：2288424
[Abstract]:As a part of American ruling ideology, the negative image of black women has long existed in the mainstream American culture dominated by white patriarchy. The "deterioration" of black women's image not only legitimizes all kinds of oppression against black women, but also seriously hinders the development of black women's self-consciousness. In addition, the deterioration of the image of black women makes the spiritual outlook and living conditions of black women lack real reflection and sufficient social attention for a long time, and they are marginalized. Therefore, reconstructing the image of black women has become one of the important themes of American black women writers. Lorraine Hans Berry, a famous American black woman playwright, is a work that reflects the true appearance of black women. The play was a great success after it premiered on Broadway in 1959. Contrary to the popular tradition of "protest novels" in black literature at that time, raisins in the Sun strive to present the optimistic and positive attitude of the black people. In addition, it is worth mentioning that the personal experience of the playwright has a great influence on the creation of the play, and is widely regarded as a semi-autobiographical form of Hans Berry. This makes the writer have a better grasp of the characters, more detailed description of the details and scenes, which undoubtedly increase the authenticity and research value of the work. I believe that as the most famous black female playwright in the 1960s, Lorraine Hans Berry's works inevitably show a strong black feminist consciousness. Raisins in the Sun challenge the negative image of black women in literature and social prejudice against black women. The successful creation of a refreshing black woman image, making the female role in the play particularly noticeable. By analyzing the three female characters in the play, this paper proposes that the play challenges the old image of black women and breaks the ruling logic of oppressing black women, which is also an important theme in the writing of black women writers. In addition, the author believes that Lorraine Hans Berry does not focus on depicting or portraying a certain heroic black woman in comparison with contemporary black women writers. She observed the daily life of black women from the unique perspective of black women, and revealed the growing self-consciousness, national consciousness and female consciousness of black women who appeared on the eve of the outbreak of the large-scale civil rights movement in the United States in the 1960s. The three women in the play belong to three different ages, representing the images of black mother, wife and female. The three black women of different personalities created by the writers broke the image of black women in the history of American literature as "dualistic opposites" of either one or the other, and showed the real living conditions of black women in the working class. Reconstructing the true and full image of black women successfully describes the complexity, diversity and difference of black women.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.073
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