以魔幻现实主义解读童话《哈利波特》

发布时间：2019-03-11 08:01

【摘要】：《哈利波特》系列小说自问世以来，就如同一场热带风暴，强劲之势不可小觑。罗琳女士作为本系列小说的作者，作品数量虽然为数不多，但仅凭哈利波特就足以让她作为唯一的女性跻身英国福布斯排行榜。她的小说以魔幻为载体，继承并发扬了各种现代派和后现代派的写作手法。这部以儿童为题材的小说之所以在畅销榜上高居不下，主要就在于它完美的把历史悠久的童话样板与新生代的魔幻现实主义文学流派有机的结合在一起，迸溅出明亮而又耀眼的火花。《哈利波特》系列小说属于儿童文学之列，使读者极易和童话故事联系起来。童话故事起初的读者并不是儿童，而是作为一种给农民、流浪汉茶余饭后的谈资，但是随着格林兄弟对童话故事集系统的清理工作，19世纪初期开始，童话故事已经作为一种儿童文学体裁得到全世界的广泛认可。与其相比，新兴的魔幻现实主义，最初源于神秘而吸引人的拉美国家，蓬勃发展于上个世纪五十年代，近现代以来，一些欧美作家广泛采用此种写作方式，于魔幻中揭露社会弊端，反映社会现实，并达到阐发社会和政治理想的目的。本文从魔幻现实主义与童话两方面入手，通过人物原型，叙事方法，针砭社会现实等方面来分析《哈利波特》系列小说，以期更好的发掘这部划时代作品的社会意义与艺术价值。本论文由导论、正文和结论三部分组成。主要内容如下：第一部分是导论。主要简单介绍《哈利波特》系列小说、作者罗琳女士以及小说的整体故事脉络，总结该系列小说的国内外研究现状，指出魔幻现实主义的理论基础。第二部分是正文，由三章组成：第一章重点介绍魔幻现实主义理论及童话的发展历程，魔幻现实主义以其不可阻挡之势从南美大陆一路席卷而来，横跨太平洋在欧洲与亚洲等地生根发芽，魔幻现实主义的一大特色就是在现实世界的基础上采用魔幻的手法来呈现社会现实，其终极目标还是展示现实生活。而罗琳作品中又具有鲜明的童话特色，本文通过对童话的介绍，旨在系统介绍童话的发展演化，使读者获悉起初的童话故事受众群并不是如今的儿童，而是为了那些打发时间的大人，童话本身也是经过了重重删减才变成如今的样子。第二章对魔幻现实主义的特点进行分析，而该系列作品的突出之处就在于它魔幻视角下的童话特色。主人公哈利波特的丑小鸭原型，罗琳成功的塑造了一个普普通通的孤儿,从默默无闻到拯救世界的大英雄形象。充满正义的凤凰与黑暗阴险的蟒蛇原型分属邓不利多和伏地魔两个阵营，他们之间所展开的终极对决是善与恶、正与邪的最终较量，是童话的经典故事模板。魔幻现实主义小说中独特的叙事技巧，即模糊叙事手法在生与死、时间与空间的转换等方面在该系列小说中均有体现，如何进一步分析小说中的神话原型则采用荣格的神话原型理论，并通过该理论来探讨分析小说中所表现的魔幻现实主义特征。第三章揭示了《哈利波特》系列小说所体现的社会问题，针砭时弊这是魔幻现实主义作品的典型特征。包括等级森严的魔法部与金钱至上的古灵阁，种族歧视与性别歧视，，具体阐释哈利与伏地魔相似的生活环境究其根本为何成就了两个截然不同的大人物，自我选择在其中起到了举足轻重的作用。罗琳用魔幻来反映现实，在真与假、虚与实当中表达其对社会问题的诸多看法。最后一部分是结论，这部分主要回顾总结了整篇论文，《哈利波特》系列小说无疑已经获得了广泛认可和好评，但是由于其仍属于新生代作品，所以对该系列小说的研究屈指可数，可参考与研究的文献还为数不多，这就必然导致本篇论文在研究例证方面难免疏漏，一些论据观点不够夯实有力，作者旨在为以后的读者提供一个新的视角和研究方向。
[Abstract]:The Harry Potter novels have since come out, like a tropical storm, are not strong. Ms. Rowling, the author of this series, has a small number of works, but Harry Potter is enough to make her the only woman in the Forbes list. Her novel, with magic as a carrier, has inherited and developed various modern and post-modern writing techniques. The novel, which takes children as a subject, is on the top of the best-selling list, mainly because of its perfect combination of the long-established fairy tale model with the new generation of the magic realism literature school, and the bright and dazzling fire is spilt. A series of novels are among the children's literature, which makes the readers very easy to be connected with the fairy tales. The original reader of the fairy tale is not a child, but as a talk to the farmers, the tramp and the rest of the meal, but as the greg brothers clean up the fairy tale collection system, the beginning of the 19 th century At the beginning of the period, fairy tales have been widely used as a type of children's literature In contrast, the emerging magic realism, originally from the mysterious and attractive Latin American countries, is booming in the fifties of the last century, and some European and American writers have widely used this kind of writing to expose the social malpractices and the society in the magic. It's going to be real, and it's a social and political ideal. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the "Harry Potter" series from the two aspects of the magic realism and the fairy tale, through the characters' prototype, the narrative method, the social reality of the needle and the society, in order to find a better way to explore the social significance of the epoch-making work. And the value of the art. This paper is from the introduction, the text and the text. Conclusion Three-part composition The main contents are as follows: The first part is an introduction. The main simple introduction of the "Harry Potter" series, the author, Ms. Rowling, and the whole story of the novel, summarizes the current research status of the series, and points out the magic of magic. The Theoretical Basis of Realism. Second The part is the text, which is composed of three chapters: the first chapter mainly introduces the theory of the magic realism and the development of the fairy tale, and the magic realism is coming from the mainland of the South America with its irresistible trend, and across the peace In Europe and Asia and other places to take root, the one of the characteristics of the magic realism is to use the magic of magic to present the social reality on the basis of the real world, The ultimate goal is to show the real life. And in Rowling's works, there is a distinctive fairy-tale characteristic. This paper, through the introduction of the fairy-tale, aims to introduce the development and evolution of the fairy-tale, and make the reader know that the original fairy tale audience group is not a child of the present time, but for those who send time, the fairy tales themselves are also The second chapter analyzes the characteristics of the magic realism, and the highlights of the series The place is the fairy tale characteristic of its magic angle. The main character Harry Potter's ugly duckling prototype, Rowling succeeded in shaping an ordinary orphan, from The image of the great heroes of the world is unknown. The archetypes of the Phoenix and the Dark, which are full of justice, belong to the two camps of Dumbledore and Voldemort. The ultimate confrontation between them is good and evil, positive and evil. The final contest is the classic story template of the fairy tale. The unique narrative skill in the magic realism novel is that the fuzzy narrative method is embodied in the series of novels in the aspects of life and death, time and space, and how to further analyze the god in the novel The prototype of the speech is based on the theory of Jung's myth and the analysis of the theory. The third chapter reveals the social problems embodied in the novels of Harry Potter and the series of novels. The pros and cons of this are the typical features of the magic realist works. It includes the hierarchy of the high-level magic part and the ancient spirit of the money-first, the racial discrimination and the sex discrimination, and the specific explanation of why Harry and Voldemort have made two distinct big shots at all, The self-choice played a very important role in it. Rowling used the magic to reflect the reality, and in true and false, virtual The last part is the conclusion, this part of the main review summarizes the whole paper, the "Harry Potter" series has been widely accepted and well received, but as it still belongs to the new life The research of this series is a few, and the reference and the literature of the study are few, which will inevitably lead to the omission of this paper in the study of the case, some of the arguments are not strong enough, the author is to
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.078

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