波伏娃存在主义的女性思想研究

发布时间：2019-07-01 13:44

【摘要】：西蒙娜·德·波伏娃是法国二十世纪伟大的哲学家、文学家和女权主义者，作为萨特的终身伴侣，其思想深受萨特的影响。她写作范围很广，作品很多，其中论著《第二性》是其最著名的代表作之一。在这部作品中，波伏娃从生物学、心理学、社会学、哲学、历史、宗教、神话、文学等各个方面去探讨女性问题，沿着女性从童年到老年的生命发展轨迹，以各类女性（女同性恋、妓女、情妇、修女、职业妇女）为对象，探讨女性的个体发展史，研究她们的共同身心状况和生存处境，得出一个结论：女人不是天生的，而是后天形成的。作为存在主义作家，波伏娃的女性主义思想受到黑格尔、海德格尔和萨特的影响，其中黑格尔的“主奴关系”和“自我意识”学说、海德格尔的“本真与非本真”理论及萨特的“他者”、“自为自在”理论是其女性主义思想的理论基础。此外，波伏娃的女性主义思想是其所处的特定历史环境下的产物，离不开她个人的生活经历和当时女性的地位处境。紧接着本文概述了《第二性》中主要的女性主义思想，，并结合其小说作品中塑造的女性形象来进行全面分析，接着阐述了波伏娃对于女性出路的建议。最后通过描述其女性主义思想对中西方女性主义发展的影响，较客观地评价了其理论的意义与局限性。
[Abstract]:Simone de Povova was a great French philosopher, writer and feminist in the 20th century. As Sartre's lifelong companion, her thought was deeply influenced by Sartre. She has a wide range of writing and many works, among which the second Sex is one of her most famous masterpieces. In this work, Bovova discusses women's problems from biology, psychology, sociology, philosophy, history, religion, mythology, literature and so on. Along the life development track of women from childhood to old age, she takes all kinds of women (lesbians, prostitutes, mistresses, nuns, professional women) as the object, discusses the individual development history of women, and studies their common physical and mental condition and living situation. Come to the conclusion that women are not born, but acquired. As an existentialist writer, Bovova's feminist thought is influenced by Hegel, Heidegger and Sartre, including Heger's theory of "master-slave relationship" and "self-consciousness", Heidegger's theory of "truth and non-truth" and Sartre's "other". The theory of "self-freedom" is the theoretical basis of his feminist thought. In addition, Bovova's feminist thought is the product of her specific historical environment, which can not be separated from her personal life experience and the status of women at that time. Then this paper summarizes the main feminist thoughts in the second Sex, and makes a comprehensive analysis of the female images created in her novels, and then expounds Bovova's suggestions on the way out for women. Finally, by describing the influence of his feminist thought on the development of feminism in China and the West, the significance and limitations of its theory are evaluated objectively.
【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I565.074

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