植入前小鼠胚胎对输卵管上皮细胞DNA甲基转移酶1表达的影响

发布时间：2018-02-22 03:15

本文关键词： DNA甲基转移酶输卵管上皮细胞胚胎植入前　出处：《浙江大学》2005年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：背景输卵管是连接卵巢和子宫的管状器官,不仅能为受精提供空间和生物学环境,还能为向子宫运送的胚胎提供发育所需的营养,并且转运和放大胚胎对母体的信号。在胚胎和内膜发育达到同步的时候,输卵管将胚胎输送到子宫腔。正常妊娠的建立和维持需要通过胚胎/母体交流来实现。母体生殖道产生大量的细胞因子,生长因子,血管生成因子,凋亡因子,粘附分子等等,胚胎自身也合成分泌许多生长因子及其受体,这些配体和受体通过自分泌,旁分泌或者内分泌的方式发挥着促进胚泡形成,促进蛋白质合成,减少凋亡,促进囊胚腔扩张,调节基因表达等各种作用。这些生长因子的表达在胚胎发育的不同时期发生阶段性变化。究竟何种机制在调控着这些因子及其受体的表达和妊娠后输卵管发生的一系列变化以及其作用的发挥,到目前为止尚不十分清楚。 2002年Lee等首次报道了由于植入前期胚胎的存在使得母体输卵管某些基因上调,提示基因调节可能参与胚胎/母体交流的部分机制。众所周知,由DNA甲基转移酶(DNA methyltransferases,Dnmts)催化的CpG二核苷酸甲基化在哺乳动物正常发育和部分体细胞基因表达变化中起着重要的作用。通常,DNA甲基化通过转录抑制对特定基因的表达起调节作用。负责DNA甲基化的Dnmts家族由Dnmt1,Dnmt2,Dnmt3a和Dnmt3b组成。目前认为Dnmt1是主要的维持型甲基转移酶,而Dnmt2在体内不具有催化活性,Dnmt3a和Dnmt3b属新发型甲基转移酶。在哺乳动物的甲基转移酶中,Dnmt1是目前为止研究得最为深入透彻的一员,广泛分布于哺乳动物的成体组织和胚胎组织中,负责在DNA复制完成后催
[Abstract]:Background the fallopian tube is a tubular organ that connects the ovary and the uterus, providing not only the space and biological environment for fertilization, but also the nutrients needed for the development of embryos transported to the uterus. And transports and amplifies the embryo's signal to the mother. When the embryo and intima develop synchronously, Tubal transports embryos to uterine cavities. The establishment and maintenance of normal pregnancy is achieved through embryo / maternal communication. Maternal reproductive tract produces large amounts of cytokines, growth factors, angiogenic factors, apoptosis factors, adhesion molecules, etc. Many growth factors and their receptors are synthesized and secreted by the embryo itself. These ligands and receptors, through autocrine, paracrine or endocrine, play an important role in promoting the formation of blastocysts, promoting protein synthesis, reducing apoptosis, and promoting the expansion of the blastocyst. The expression of these growth factors changes periodically at different stages of embryonic development. What is the mechanism that regulates the expression of these factors and their receptors and the tubal development after pregnancy. A series of changes and their role, So far it is not quite clear. In 2002, Lee et al reported for the first time that some genes of maternal fallopian tubes were up-regulated due to the presence of pre-implantation embryos, suggesting that gene regulation may be involved in some mechanisms of embryo / maternal communication. CpG dinucleotide methylation catalyzed by DNA methyltransferases plays an important role in mammalian normal development and changes in somatic gene expression. Usually, DNA methylation inhibits the expression of specific genes through transcription. The Dnmts family responsible for DNA methylation consists of Dnmt1Dnmt2Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b. Dnmt1 is now considered to be the main maintenance methyltransferase. However, Dnmt2 has no catalytic activity in vivo. Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b belong to a new type of methyltransferase. Dnmt1 is the most thoroughly studied member of mammalian methyltransferase, which is widely distributed in mammalian adult and embryonic tissues. Responsible for prompt after DNA replication is completed
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：R321

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