大学生内隐自杀态度的研究

发布时间：2018-05-16 20:52

本文选题：自杀态度 + 内隐　；参考：《华南师范大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 态度在行为预测中起着重要的作用，自杀的相关研究也提示出现态度研究的缺漏，因而从态度入手对自杀行为进行研究是可行的，也是必需的。目前已有相当一部分研究者注意到态度在自杀行为研究中的重要性，并从不同角度对自杀进行研究。然而遗憾的是，可能由于起步较晚，而需要了解的又太多等缘故，目前自杀态度的研究尚未涉及内隐态度领域，只是限于外显测量研究的方式。而关于态度研究的种种迹象显示，态度研究正在、也需要向内隐领域拓展。作为态度研究中的一个部分，，自杀态度的研究当然也不应例外。为了丰富自杀问题的研究，拓展自杀态度的研究领域，探讨内隐自杀态度的特性及其与外显自杀态度的关系，并借此为相关方面的研究和实践提供参考，本研究以内隐层面研究为主，对自杀态度问题进行探索。本研究使用反应／不反应任务(GNAT)对被试的内隐自杀态度进行探讨。结合前人对自杀态度外显测量的结果，以及内隐态度研究领域的发现，研究分为三个实验对内隐自杀态度进行探讨：实验一以“积极”和“消极”为评价维度，测查被试在这两个维度上的内隐自杀态度倾向；实验二以“中性”和“消极”为评价维度，测查被试在这两个维度上的态度倾向，从而确定被试的内隐自杀态度；实验三则操纵背景参照线索，考察被试在“生活用品”和“自杀工具”的背景线索下，对同一刺激客体的态度倾向。此外，在测量被试的内隐态度、验证内隐自杀态度特征的同时，本研究也对被试的外显自杀态度进行调查，以作比较。通过上述的研究，笔者得出以下的结论： 1、被试在内隐层面对自杀的评价是消极的，不论是以“积极”和“消极”作为评价维度，还是以“中性”和“消极”作为评价维度，或者从背景参照性出发，均得到一致的结论。 2、内隐自杀态度同样具有内隐态度的特性：稳定性和“可变性”。就内隐自杀态度本身而言，它稳定的；就内隐态度的情境敏感性而言，它是“可变的”，且由此也说明了外界诱因可自动激活被试记忆中自杀相关的信息，但外在诱因具体的自动激活效应仍有待进一步的研究。 3、部分被试对自杀行为存有双重态度，外显层面为中立、矛盾态度，内隐层面为消极、否定态度。这可能是由于受到文化传统和教育的影响，被试在内隐层面首先形成了对自杀的消极评价；而其后由内在自杀倾向与外界诱因相互作用而形成了外显中立、矛盾的自杀态度。
[Abstract]:Attitude plays an important role in behavior prediction, and the related studies on suicide also suggest that there are gaps in attitude research. Therefore, it is feasible and necessary to study suicide behavior from attitude. At present, quite a number of researchers have noticed the importance of attitude in the study of suicide behavior, and studied suicide from different angles. Unfortunately, however, due to the late start and the need to understand too much, so far the study of suicide attitude has not been involved in the field of implicit attitude, but is limited to explicit measurement. The signs of attitude research indicate that attitude research is and needs to be extended to implicit areas. As a part of attitude research, suicide attitude research is certainly no exception. In order to enrich the study of suicide, expand the research field of suicide attitude, explore the characteristics of implicit suicide attitude and the relationship between implicit suicide attitude and explicit suicide attitude, and provide reference for relevant research and practice. In this study, the implicit level of research, suicide attitude to explore. In this study, the implicit suicide attitude of the subjects was investigated by response / non-response task (GNATT). Combined with the results of explicit measurement of suicidal attitude and the findings in the field of implicit attitude research, the study was divided into three experiments to explore implicit suicide attitude: in experiment one, the dimensions of "positive" and "negative" were used as the evaluation dimensions. The implicit suicidal attitude tendency of the subjects in the two dimensions was tested, and the "neutral" and "negative" dimensions were used as the evaluation dimensions in experiment two, so as to determine the implicit suicidal attitude of the subjects. The third experiment manipulates background reference clues to investigate the attitude tendency of the subjects to the same stimulus object under the background clues of "daily necessities" and "suicide tools". In addition, while measuring the implicit attitude of the subjects to verify the characteristics of implicit suicide attitude, this study also investigated the explicit suicide attitude of the subjects for comparison. Through the above research, the author draws the following conclusions: 1. The evaluation of suicide at implicit level was negative, whether positive or negative, neutral or negative, or starting from background reference. All of them have reached a consistent conclusion. 2, implicit suicide attitude also has the characteristics of implicit attitude: stability and variability. In terms of implicit suicide attitude itself, it is stable; in terms of situational sensitivity of implicit attitude, it is "variable", and it also shows that external inducements can automatically activate suicide-related information in subjects' memory. However, the specific automatic activation effect of extrinsic inducement still needs further study. 3, some subjects have double attitudes towards suicide behavior, which are neutral, contradictory, negative and negative at implicit level. This may be because of the influence of cultural tradition and education, the subjects first formed a negative evaluation of suicide at the implicit level, and then formed an explicit and contradictory attitude towards suicide by the interaction between the internal suicidal tendency and the external inducement.
【学位授予单位】：华南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：B846

【引证文献】