基于沃尔巴克氏体的蚊媒和蚊媒病控制的生物安全性

发布时间：2018-06-16 19:14

本文选题：沃尔巴克氏体 + 种群压制　；参考：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2014年02期

【摘要】：沃尔巴克氏体是无脊椎动物胞内专性寄生、可经卵传递的胞内革兰阴性共生菌。用沃尔巴克氏体控制蚊媒及蚊媒病的原理是基于其所诱导的胞质不相容性和对病原体的抗性。沃尔巴克氏体对蚊媒病原体具有广泛抗性,其直径大于蚊虫唾液腺管直径,不能通过蚊虫叮咬感染人体或哺乳动物;反复受到沃尔巴克氏体感染蚊虫叮咬的人血中未检测到抗沃尔巴克氏体抗体。沃尔巴克氏体仅在宿主细胞内生存,不能在培养基内和环境中独立生长;它不产生孢子,不含质粒,不随宿主死亡而分解扩散至环境;它不会横向传播至生活在同一生境中的其他节肢动物。捕食沃尔巴克氏体感染的蚊幼虫和成虫的节肢动物不能通过捕食而获得感染;基于沃尔巴克氏体的蚊媒和蚊媒病控制所产生的生物安全风险几乎可以忽略。
[Abstract]:Wolbachia is an endocytoplasmic parasite of invertebrates that can be transmitted through eggs and is an endocytogram negative symbiotic bacterium. The principle of using Wolbachia to control mosquito vectors and mosquito-borne diseases is based on their induced cytoplasmic incompatibility and resistance to pathogens. Wolbachia has extensive resistance to mosquito-borne pathogens, the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the salivary gland tube of mosquitoes, and cannot infect human beings or mammals through mosquito bites. No antibodies against Wolbachia were detected in blood of people who were repeatedly bitten by Wolbachia. Wolbachia exists only in the host cell and cannot grow independently in the medium and environment, it does not produce spores, does not contain plasmids, and does not decompose and spread to the environment with the death of the host. It does not spread horizontally to other arthropods living in the same habitat. The larvae and adult arthropods of mosquitoes preying on Wolbachia could not be infected by predation, and the biosafety risks of mosquito vector and mosquito vector control based on Wolbachia were almost negligible.
【作者单位】：中山大学-密歇根州立大学热带病虫媒控制联合研究中心;中山大学热带病研究教育部重点实验室;中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所传染病预防控制国家重点实验室;世界卫生组织媒介生物监测与管理合作中心;美国密歇根州立大学微生物学和分子遗传学系;
【基金】：教育部科学技术研究重点(重大)项目(311030) 广东省引进创新科研团队计划(2011S009)
【分类号】：R384.1

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