膝关节TCL、FCL的解剖、X线和MR相关研究及临床意义

发布时间：2018-07-11 21:26

本文选题：膝关节 + TCL和FCL　；参考：《中国医科大学》2005年硕士论文

【摘要】：前言 TCL、FCL是维持膝关节内、外侧稳定的重要结构,其功能在于膝关节静止时限制胫骨外旋及膝关节内、外翻;对于维持膝关节内、外侧稳定和膝关节的旋转不稳有重要意义。它们的损伤如治疗不当,久之,则继发其它韧带松弛,出现旋转不稳;而合并交叉韧带的损伤往往是常见的现象,如它们的损伤诊断失败则是前后叉韧带重建失败的最常见原因。本研究通过对膝关节内、外侧副韧带的精细解剖及X线、MR对比,来解答内、外侧副韧带的功能,并对它们的起、止点进行了深入研究,在膝关节屈伸运动时分别在股骨内、外上髁找出一个相对等长点,为TCL、FCL损伤重建提供理论基础;同时对它们的走行进行定位,为MR检查提供理论基础,使其能够更好地指导临床。材料和方法一、材料本实验选用膝关节标本共14个,其中固定的成人尸体膝关节标本10个、新鲜膝关节标本4个。所有标本留有的骨组织和软组织距关节线近端至少15cm,远端至少20cm。二、方法 1.解剖肢体,显露TCL、FCL起止点;然后对TCL、FCL的长度、走行进行测量。 2.以TCL、FCL胫、腓骨附着点中心为起点,股骨内、外上髁为止点,观察膝关节在屈伸运动过程中TCL、FCL长度的变化情况,并于股骨内、外上髁TCL、FCL止点附近寻找相对等长点(2mm以内误差)。
[Abstract]:Preface
TCL, FCL is an important structure to maintain the lateral stability of the knee joint. Its function is to restrict the external rotation of the tibia and the knee joint, and the valgus. It is important to maintain the lateral stability of the knee joint and the rotatory instability of the knee joint. The damage of the ACL is often a common phenomenon, such as the failure of their diagnosis is the most common cause of the failure of the anterior and posterior ligaments reconstruction. This study is to solve the function of the lateral collateral ligaments in the knee, the lateral collateral ligament and the X-ray and MR contrast. In the knee flexion and extension movement in the femur, the outer epicondyle finds a relatively equal length point, which provides the theoretical basis for the TCL, FCL damage reconstruction. At the same time, they are located to provide the theoretical basis for the MR examination, so that it can better guide the clinical.
Materials and methods
First, material
In this experiment, 14 specimens of the knee joint were selected, of which 10 were fixed in adult cadavers and 4 of the fresh knee joint specimens. The bone tissue and soft tissue left at the proximal end of all the specimens were at least 15cm at the distal end of the joint and at least 20cm. at the distal end.
Two, method
1. anatomic limb, exposing TCL, FCL start and stop points, and then measuring the length of TCL and FCL.
2. with TCL, FCL tibia and the center of the fibula attachment point as the starting point, the femoral and external epicondyle points, the changes of the length of TCL and FCL during the flexion and extension movement of the knee joint were observed, and the relative equal length (within 2mm error) was found near the femur and the outer epicondyle TCL and FCL stops.
【学位授予单位】：中国医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：R322;R445

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