心理控制源、自尊、人格及应对方式与医学新生心理健康关系的研究
发布时间：2018-07-21 11:23
【摘要】： 目的：本研究旨在了解医学新生的心理健康状况，根据其类型和特征以寻求分类辅导教育的原则和途径；探讨心理控制源、自尊、人格及应对方式对心理健康的影响，建立影响医学新生心理健康的路径模型。 方法：整群抽样医学新生700人，采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)测验医学新生的心理健康状况，包括躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性等；采用内控性、有势力的他人及机遇量表(IPC)测验医学新生的归因方式，包括内部归因和外部归因；采用自尊量表(SES)测验医学新生的自尊水平；采用十六种个性因素问卷(16PF)测验医学新生的人格特征；采用简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)测验医学新生的应付方式，包括积极应对和消极应对两方面。用SPSS11.5录入和统计所有数据。 结论：通过筛查，总体上医学新生心理健康状况良好，但学生的心理问题还是存在，主要体现在人际关系敏感、强迫症状、抑郁和偏执等问题；医学新生心理健康普遍状况劣于2003年对全校学生的研究结果，体现在人际关系敏感、强迫症状、偏执、焦虑、恐怖等高于2003年的研究结果；而优于甘肃其它高校，主要体现在敌对、偏执、抑郁、恐怖等低于甘肃其它高校同类研究结果；但高于全国青年常模；医学新生心理健康状况在男女性别差异仅体现在敌对、恐怖因子方面；医学新生心理健康状况在来源地农村和城市差异显著，体现在人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、精神病性差异极明显，农村明显高于城市，心理健康状况总体低于城市学生；医学新生中独生子女心理健康状况优于非独生子女，体现在精神病性、恐怖、抑郁、焦虑等因子，，独生子女明显低于非独生子女，两者主要问题都表现在强迫、人际敏感、偏执等心理问题；心理控制源和自尊作为核心自我评价中两个主要的基本因素，对医学新生心里健康状况有很好的预测作用，聚类分析后发现，两类学生心理健康水平，人格和应对方式水平都有显著差异，根据其类型及特征，进行分类辅导和教育。医学新生人格特点对心理健康有直接影响作用，同时人格特点通过影响学生的控制感、自尊水平间接影响心理健康，所以人格特点既是影响心理健康的直接因素，又是间接因素，是影响心理健康水平的主要因素；进一步说明心里控制源、自尊作为心理健康的中介因素，能很好预测医学新生的心理健康状况。医学新生的积极应对方式是影响心理健康水平的一个直接因素；医学新生的自尊水平是其人格特点、控制感特点、应对方式特点影响心理健康的中介因素，所以自尊水平是影响心理健康的核心因素。本课题成果对医学新生乃至大学生心理健康的研究、心理卫生干预、学校心理咨询、临床心理测验与治疗都具有理论指导意义和实际应用价值。
[Abstract]:Objective: the purpose of this study was to understand the mental health status of medical freshmen, to explore the principles and approaches of classified counseling education according to their types and characteristics, and to explore the effects of locus of control, self-esteem, personality and coping style on mental health. To establish a path model that affects the mental health of medical freshmen. Methods: the mental health status of medical freshmen was tested with symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90), including somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobia, paranoid ideation, psychosis and so on. The internal control, influential others and opportunity scale (IPC) was used to test the attribution style of medical freshmen, including internal attribution and external attribution, self-esteem scale (SES) was used to test the self-esteem level of medical freshmen. Sixteen personality factors questionnaire (16PF) was used to test the personality characteristics of medical freshmen, and a simple coping style questionnaire (SCSQ) was used to test the coping styles of medical freshmen, including positive coping and negative coping. All data were recorded and counted with SPSS 11.5. Conclusion: through screening, the mental health of medical freshmen is good, but the psychological problems of students still exist, mainly reflected in interpersonal sensitivity, obsessive compulsive symptoms, depression and paranoid ideation. The general state of mental health of medical freshmen was worse than that of the whole school in 2003, which was reflected in interpersonal sensitivity, obsessive compulsion, paranoid ideation, anxiety, phobia and so on, which were higher than those of other universities in Gansu province. It is mainly reflected in hostility, paranoid ideation, depression and phobia, which are lower than those in other colleges and universities in Gansu Province, but higher than the national youth norm; the mental health status of medical freshmen is only reflected in hostility and phobic factors in the gender difference between men and women. The mental health status of medical freshmen was significantly different in the rural and urban areas of origin. The differences in interpersonal relationships, depression, anxiety and psychosis were very significant, the rural areas were obviously higher than those in the cities, and the mental health status was lower than that of the urban students. The mental health status of the only child in medical freshmen is better than that of the non-only child, which is reflected in the factors of psychosis, phobia, depression, anxiety and so on. The only child is obviously lower than the non-only child. The two main problems are obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, etc. Psychological problems, such as paranoid ideation, locus of control and self-esteem, as two main factors in core self-evaluation, have a good predictive effect on the mental health status of medical freshmen. Cluster analysis shows that the mental health level of the two groups of students is very good. There are significant differences in personality and coping style levels, according to their types and characteristics, classified counseling and education. The personality characteristics of medical freshmen have a direct effect on mental health. Meanwhile, personality characteristics affect mental health indirectly by influencing students' sense of control and self-esteem level, so personality characteristics are not only the direct factors that affect mental health. It is also an indirect factor, which is the main factor affecting the level of mental health, and further explains that the source of psychological control and self-esteem, as the intermediary factors of mental health, can well predict the mental health status of the medical freshmen. The positive coping style of the medical freshmen is a direct factor that influences the mental health level, the self-esteem level of the medical freshmen is the intermediary factor of their personality, control and coping style. Therefore, the level of self-esteem is the core factor affecting mental health. The research on mental health of medical freshmen and even college students, mental health intervention, school psychological counseling, clinical psychological test and treatment are of theoretical significance and practical application value.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：R395.6
本文编号：2135361
[Abstract]:Objective: the purpose of this study was to understand the mental health status of medical freshmen, to explore the principles and approaches of classified counseling education according to their types and characteristics, and to explore the effects of locus of control, self-esteem, personality and coping style on mental health. To establish a path model that affects the mental health of medical freshmen. Methods: the mental health status of medical freshmen was tested with symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90), including somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobia, paranoid ideation, psychosis and so on. The internal control, influential others and opportunity scale (IPC) was used to test the attribution style of medical freshmen, including internal attribution and external attribution, self-esteem scale (SES) was used to test the self-esteem level of medical freshmen. Sixteen personality factors questionnaire (16PF) was used to test the personality characteristics of medical freshmen, and a simple coping style questionnaire (SCSQ) was used to test the coping styles of medical freshmen, including positive coping and negative coping. All data were recorded and counted with SPSS 11.5. Conclusion: through screening, the mental health of medical freshmen is good, but the psychological problems of students still exist, mainly reflected in interpersonal sensitivity, obsessive compulsive symptoms, depression and paranoid ideation. The general state of mental health of medical freshmen was worse than that of the whole school in 2003, which was reflected in interpersonal sensitivity, obsessive compulsion, paranoid ideation, anxiety, phobia and so on, which were higher than those of other universities in Gansu province. It is mainly reflected in hostility, paranoid ideation, depression and phobia, which are lower than those in other colleges and universities in Gansu Province, but higher than the national youth norm; the mental health status of medical freshmen is only reflected in hostility and phobic factors in the gender difference between men and women. The mental health status of medical freshmen was significantly different in the rural and urban areas of origin. The differences in interpersonal relationships, depression, anxiety and psychosis were very significant, the rural areas were obviously higher than those in the cities, and the mental health status was lower than that of the urban students. The mental health status of the only child in medical freshmen is better than that of the non-only child, which is reflected in the factors of psychosis, phobia, depression, anxiety and so on. The only child is obviously lower than the non-only child. The two main problems are obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, etc. Psychological problems, such as paranoid ideation, locus of control and self-esteem, as two main factors in core self-evaluation, have a good predictive effect on the mental health status of medical freshmen. Cluster analysis shows that the mental health level of the two groups of students is very good. There are significant differences in personality and coping style levels, according to their types and characteristics, classified counseling and education. The personality characteristics of medical freshmen have a direct effect on mental health. Meanwhile, personality characteristics affect mental health indirectly by influencing students' sense of control and self-esteem level, so personality characteristics are not only the direct factors that affect mental health. It is also an indirect factor, which is the main factor affecting the level of mental health, and further explains that the source of psychological control and self-esteem, as the intermediary factors of mental health, can well predict the mental health status of the medical freshmen. The positive coping style of the medical freshmen is a direct factor that influences the mental health level, the self-esteem level of the medical freshmen is the intermediary factor of their personality, control and coping style. Therefore, the level of self-esteem is the core factor affecting mental health. The research on mental health of medical freshmen and even college students, mental health intervention, school psychological counseling, clinical psychological test and treatment are of theoretical significance and practical application value.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：R395.6
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 王国诚;;高职生自我和谐的多因素影响模型[J];南昌教育学院学报;2011年10期
2 张雷;张弘毅;;大学新生自我评价、人际关系与幸福感关系研究[J];许昌学院学报;2012年04期
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 梁丰;大学生空虚感与应对方式、学校适应的关系研究[D];西南大学;2013年
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