脑水通道蛋白的分布、功能及调控机制

发布时间：2019-07-22 11:46

【摘要】：背景:在哺乳动物脑中主要表达的水通道蛋白是水通道蛋白1、水通道蛋白4和水通道蛋白9,其他的仅为零星表达。目前国内外尚未见到系统分析维持脑正常生理功能的水通道蛋白分布、功能及其调节机制的综述报道。目的:综述近年国内外维持脑正常生理功能的水通道蛋白分布、功能及其调节机制的研究进展。方法:应用计算机检索1980年1月至2013年7月PubMed数据库、相关期刊论文有关脑正常生理功能维持中水通道蛋白分布、功能及其调节机制的文章,英文检索词"AQP1,AQP4,AQP9,function,brain,adjusting mechanism";中文检索词"水通道蛋白,功能,脑,调节机制"。共检索到163篇相关文献,85篇文献符合纳入标准。结果与结论:近年来,有大量学者对脑水通道蛋白的表达、功能及其调节机制进行了较深层次的研究,具体归纳为如下3个方面:①水通道蛋白1主要表达于脑室脉络丛参与脑脊液的形成;在其他类型的细胞中,气体小分子CO2,NO,NH3及O2也可通过水通道蛋白1。②水通道蛋白4主要表达在胶质细胞足突、胶质界膜以及室管膜中,帮助水进出脑组织,并加速胶质细胞迁移及改变神经活动。③水通道蛋白9主要分布于星形胶质细胞及儿茶酚胺等神经元中,主要功能是参与脑内能量代谢。水通道蛋白被认为是对脑中水运输提供关键路径的主要水通道,有关水通道蛋白分布、功能及调控机制的研究对于攻克脑相关疾病起重要作用。水通道蛋白在维持脑正常生理及相关疾病中表达的调节机制尚未明晰,相关分子信号通路尚待更加深入、系统地研究。
[Abstract]:Background: aquaporin 1, aquaporin 4 and aquaporin 9 are the main aquaporins expressed in mammal brain, and the others are only sporadic. At present, there is no systematic analysis of aquaporin distribution, function and regulation mechanism to maintain normal physiological function of brain at home and abroad. Objective: to review the distribution, function and regulation mechanism of aquaporins in maintaining normal physiological function of brain at home and abroad in recent years. Methods: from January 1980 to July 2013, the PubMed database and the Chinese Journal full-text Database were searched for articles about the normal physiological function of the brain to maintain the distribution, function and regulation mechanism of aquaporin in China, with the English key word "AQP1,AQP4,AQP9,function,brain,adjusting mechanism" and the Chinese key word "aquaporin, function, brain, regulation mechanism". A total of 163 related literatures were searched, and 85 articles met the inclusion criteria. Results & conclusion: in recent years, a large number of scholars have studied the expression, function and regulatory mechanism of aquaporin in brain, which can be summarized as follows: (1) aquaporin 1 is mainly expressed in choroid plexuses of ventricle involved in the formation of cerebrospinal fluid (cerebrospinal fluid); In other types of cells, gas small molecules CO2,NO,NH3 and O2 can also be mainly expressed in glial podocytes, glial boundary membranes and ependymal cells through aquaporin 1.2.Aquaporin 9 is mainly distributed in astrocytes and catecholamine neurons. 3 Aquaporin 9 is mainly distributed in astrocytes and catecholamine neurons, and the main function of aquaporin 9 is to participate in brain energy metabolism. Aquaporins are considered to be the main water channels for water transport in the brain. The study on the distribution, function and regulatory mechanism of aquaporins plays an important role in overcoming brain-related diseases. The regulation mechanism of aquaporin expression in maintaining normal brain physiology and related diseases is not clear, and the related molecular signaling pathway needs to be studied more deeply and systematically.
【作者单位】：兰州大学生命科学学院;西北师范大学生命科学学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31000190,31060141) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(lzujbky-2012-102)~~
【分类号】：R338

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