山东省烟台市水痘免疫策略调整前后流行特征变化分析

发布时间：2018-01-14 04:01

本文关键词：山东省烟台市水痘免疫策略调整前后流行特征变化分析　出处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的分析烟台市水痘疫苗(VarV)1剂次和2剂次免疫前后水痘的流行特征变化。方法采用描述流行病学方法对烟台市水痘发病率进行分析。结果 VarV 1剂次免疫前期(2007-2008年)、1剂次免疫时期(2009-2011年)估算接种率分别为82.11%、91.92%;2剂次免疫时期(2012-2015年)1剂次和2剂次接种率分别为92.30%、59.51%。3个时期全市水痘年均发病数分别为1 408例、1 296例、991例,年均发病率分别为21.72/10万、19.92/10万、15.21/10万。VarV免疫后春季(4-6月)发病高峰较冬季(12-1月)发病高峰下降更明显。15岁儿童水痘构成比逐年下降,≥15岁人群发病构成比呈上升趋势。城区水痘发病率高于农村。水痘突发疫情从VarV免疫前期平均每年3.50起减少至实施免疫后每年0.43起;均发生在学校。结论 VarV接种有效降低了烟台市水痘发病,需加强儿童2剂次VarV常规免疫和水痘病例管理。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze Yantai varicella vaccine (VarV) before and after 1 and 2 doses of immune agent of varicella epidemic characteristic changes. Methods based on the incidence of varicella in Yantai city were analyzed. The method of descriptive epidemiology results VarV 1 immunization period (2007-2008 years), the 1 immunization period (2009-2011 years) estimated vaccination rate respectively. 82.11%, 91.92%; 2 immunization period (2012-2015 years) and 1 doses the 2 dose vaccination rates were 92.30%, 59.51%.3 times the average annual incidence of 1408 cases of varicella, respectively 1296 cases, 991 cases, average incidence rate was 21.72/10 million, 19.92/10 million, 15.21/10 million (4-6.VarV after immunization in spring the peak incidence of April) than in winter (12-1 months) the peak incidence decreased more significantly in.15 years old children chickenpox constituent ratio decreased year by year, the incidence of more than 15 year olds proportion is rising. The city than in rural areas. The incidence of varicella varicella epidemic burst from the average by VarV Every year, 3.50 cases decrease to 0.43 a year after immunization. All of them happen in schools. Conclusion VarV vaccination effectively reduces the incidence of varicella in Yantai, and we need to strengthen children's 2 times VarV routine immunization and chickenpox case management.

【作者单位】：烟台市疾病预防控制中心;
【基金】：2014年烟台市科技计划项目第一批(编号2014WS053)
【分类号】：R511.5;R186
【正文快照】： 烟台市1999年引入水痘疫苗(Varicella vac-cine,Var V),对12月龄以上易感者接种1剂次,但接种率一直不高,发病接近自然状态。2009年开展12岁以下儿童Var V查漏补种,接种率迅速提升。2012年实施Var V 2剂次免疫策略,分别在1周岁、4-6周岁接种1剂次,接种率达到较高水平。为科学评

【相似文献】