江滩流行区中长期规划血吸虫病控制效果及其巩固对策探讨

发布时间：2018-01-23 18:26

本文关键词： 键词]血吸虫病血防中长期规划综合治理控制效果巩固对策江滩地区　出处：《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》2015年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的评价江滩型流行区实施血防中长期规划控制血吸虫病的效果,探讨进一步巩固血防成果的对策,为江滩地区阻断和消除血吸虫病提供有效路径。方法采用前瞻性现场研究方法,选取江滩型血吸虫病流行区镇江市丹徒区,根据其血吸虫病流行程度,实施渐进式的"重点村→重点环境→重点水域"血防综合治理。连续开展居民病情、家畜病情和环境螺情调查,并收集防治措施实施情况。分析比较实施中长期规划前后病情和螺情控制效果,并绘制居民感染率、家畜感染率和钉螺感染率的变化图。结果 2005-2014年丹徒区共实施河道混凝土硬化护坡16.84 km,修建沉螺池9个,改建涵闸10座,建设家畜圈养畜舍3.85 hm2,开展家畜查治2.95万头次,淘汰耕牛170头,养鱼灭螺4 930 hm2,整理与涝渍改良土地1 560.00 hm2,建设抑螺防病林376.00 hm2,开展钉螺调查19 364.80 hm2,药物灭螺4 694.60 hm2,查、治病20.79万人次,建造三格式无害化厕所6.91万座,发放血防宣传材料28.22万份,防护用品1.97万人份,树立血防警示标志958个,张贴或悬挂血防宣传标语5 425条。血防中长期规划项目实施后居民感染率、牛感染率和钉螺感染率呈逐年下降态势,分别由2005年的0.08%、1.28%和0.13%下降为0;钉螺面积和感染螺面积由2005年的284.34 hm2和55.10 hm2下降到73.60 hm2和0,分别下降了74.12%和100%。2005-2014年羊的感染率呈波动状态,2005年粪检阳性率为1.13%,2007-2008年为0,2009-2012年回升到0.25%~0.95%,2013-2014年为0。2005-2010年牛的存栏数逐年减少,2011年后小幅增加,总体平稳;2006年后羊的存栏数逐年增加,到2010年达最高峰,2011年起呈下降趋势,与当地羊的血吸虫感染率波动基本一致。结论江滩地区采取持续、渐进式的"重点村→重点环境→重点水域"血防综合治理是控制血吸虫病的有效路径,但这类地区疫情极易反复,要进一步巩固血防成果,必须加强防控羊和滩地野生动物等传染源对血吸虫病传播的影响。
[Abstract]:Objective to evaluate the effect of long-term planning on schistosomiasis control in riverbank endemic areas, and to explore the countermeasures to further consolidate the achievements of schistosomiasis control. Methods A prospective field study method was used to study schistosomiasis schistosomiasis in Danpu district of Zhenjiang city in Jiangtan area according to the prevalence of schistosomiasis. Implementing gradual "key villages" 鈫扠ey environment. 鈫扖omprehensive control of blood control in key water areas. Continuous investigation of residents' condition, livestock condition and environmental snail condition was carried out, and the status of prevention and control measures were collected and compared before and after the implementation of the medium- and long-term planning. Results from 2005 to 2014, a total of 16.84 km of river channel concrete hardened slope protection was carried out, and 9 snail ponds were built. Reconstruction of 10 culverts, construction of 3. 85 hm2 in livestock captivity, 29,500 rounds of inspection and treatment of livestock, elimination of 170 cattle and 4 930 hm2 of fish and snail control. The land was improved with waterlogging and 1 560.00 hm2, and the snail control forest was constructed at 376.00 hm2, and the snail investigation was carried out for 19 364.80 hm2. The drug killed snails 4 694.60 hm2, checked and treated 207,900 times, constructed 69,100 harmless toilets in three formats, and distributed 282,200 publicity materials on blood control. 19,700 people of protective articles, 958 warning signs of blood prevention, 5,425 banners posted or hung. Infection rate of residents after the implementation of mid-long term plans for the prevention of blood control. The infection rate of cattle and snail decreased year by year from 0.08% and 0.13% in 2005 to 0 respectively. The snail area and infected snail area decreased from 284.34 hm2 and 55.10 hm2 in 2005 to 73.60 hm2 and 0 respectively. The infection rate of sheep decreased by 74.12% and 100.2005-2014, respectively. In 2005, the positive rate of fecal examination was 1.13 and it was 0 in 2007-2008. From 2009-2012 to 0.25, the number of cattle decreased year by year from 2013-2014 to 0.2005-2010, and increased slightly after 2011. Overall stability; After 2006, the number of sheep in stock increased year by year, reached the highest in 2010, and decreased from 2011, which was consistent with the fluctuation of schistosomiasis infection rate in local sheep. Progressive "key villages" 鈫扠ey environment. 鈫扖omprehensive control of schistosomiasis in key waters is an effective way to control schistosomiasis, but the epidemic situation in this area is easy to be repeated, so it is necessary to further consolidate the achievements of schistosomiasis control. The effects of infection sources such as sheep and wild animals on the transmission of schistosomiasis must be strengthened.
【作者单位】：江苏省镇江市丹徒区疾病预防控制中心;江苏省血吸虫病防治研究所、卫生部寄生虫病预防与控制技术重点实验室、江苏省寄生虫分子生物学重点实验室;江苏省镇江市疾病预防控制中心;
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划(2009BAI78B07) 江苏省临床医学科技专项(BL2014021) 江苏省科教兴卫工程高技术平台(ZX201108) 江苏省卫生厅项目(X200902;X201408;X201410) 镇江市社会发展科技项目(FZ201116) 镇江市丹徒区科技计划项目
【分类号】：R532.21
【正文快照】： 国家科技支撑计划(2009BAI78B07);江苏省临床医学科技专项(BL2014021);江苏省科教兴卫工程高技术平台(ZX201108);江苏省卫生厅项目(X200902、X201408、X201410);镇江市社会发展科技项目(FZ201116);镇江市丹徒区科技计划项目1江苏省镇江市丹徒区疾病预防控制中心(镇江212004);2

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