浙江某中学一起GⅡ型诺如病毒引起的急性胃肠炎暴发疫情分析

发布时间：2018-02-11 18:03

  本文关键词： 诺如病毒 急性胃肠炎 暴发疫情 学生食堂　出处：《中国农村卫生事业管理》2016年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的:调查和分析浙江省某中学一起急性胃肠炎暴发疫情的病原和危险因素,为采取针对性的防控措施提供科学依据。方法:制定病例定义,运用描述性和分析性流行病学方法对该起疫情进行流行特征和危险因素分析,采集留样食品、直饮水、桶装水、井水、案板餐具涂抹物和病例肛拭子标本进行诺如病毒核酸检测,直饮水、桶装水、井水和案板餐具涂抹物标本同时进行细菌总数和大肠菌群的卫生学检测。结果该起疫情首发病例发病时间为1月22日,末例病例发病时间为2月10日,累计报告病例233例,罹患率为13.67%(233/1705)。病例对照结果显示,学生食堂用餐每日≥2次(χ~2=12.46,P=0.00)和发病前看到过别人呕吐物(χ~2=13.14,P=0.00)是导致本次疫情的可能危险因素;饭前便后洗手(χ~2=23.57,P=0.00)是导致本次疫情的保护因素。23例患者的肛拭子标本中有10份检测出诺如病毒GⅡ型阳性,标本的卫生学指标均正常。结论:该起事件是由于GⅡ型诺如病毒引起的急性胃肠炎暴发疫情,学生食堂餐具和患者呕吐物的暴露可能是本次暴发疫情的主要危险因素。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate and analyze the etiology and risk factors of an acute gastroenteritis outbreak in a middle school in Zhejiang province, and to provide scientific basis for taking targeted prevention and control measures. The epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of the epidemic were analyzed by descriptive and analytical epidemiological methods. The samples were collected, such as food samples, direct drinking water, bottled water, well water, etc. Tableware smears and anal swabs of patients were examined for norovirus nucleic acid, drinking water, bottled water, The samples of well water and tableware smear were detected by both the total number of bacteria and the hygiene of coliform bacteria. Results the onset time of the first case was January 22nd, and the last case was February 10th. The cumulative reported cases were 233 cases. The rate of attack was 13.67 / 173 / 1705. The results of case control showed that the risk factors of the epidemic were students' dining room meals 鈮，

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