贵州省流行性脑脊髓膜炎流行特征及免疫策略分析

发布时间：2018-02-16 14:46

本文关键词： 流行性脑脊髓膜炎流行特征描述流行病学免疫策略　出处：《现代预防医学》2017年12期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的分析贵州省1951-2014年流行性脑脊髓膜炎流行特征及免疫策略,为制定和调整流脑防控策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对贵州省1951-2014年流脑监测资料及流脑免疫策略进行分析。结果 1951-2014年贵州省共报告流脑病例175 622例,死亡20 993例,1951-2014年贵州省流脑发病率0.014~220.41/10万,年均死亡率0.004~1.75/10万。全省流脑发病率从2006年的0.504/10万降至2014年的0.014/10万,下降97.22%;2007-2014年贵州省流脑年均发病28例、年均死亡4例,均分别较1951-2006年下降99.04%和98.93%。贵州省流脑发病具有明显季节性,76.68%的病例发生在冬春季,高峰在2月;80%以上的病例为15岁以下的散居儿童和学生,流脑发病占比较大(50%)的是毕节、遵义和铜仁市,自2006年MPV联合免疫策略实施以来,全省流脑发病率大幅下降,无明显发病高峰,总体呈散发。结论接种MPV是降低贵州省流脑发病及死亡的有效措施,MPV常规与A群MPV应急接种联合免疫策略的实施对降低贵州省流脑发病及死亡效果显著。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the epidemic characteristics and immunization strategy of epidemic meningitis in Guizhou province from 1951 to 2014. Methods descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the surveillance data and immunological strategies of meningitis in Guizhou province from 1951 to 2014. Results 175,622 cases of meningitis were reported in Guizhou from 1951 to 2014. 20 993 cases died from 1951 to 2014 in Guizhou Province, the incidence rate of meningitis was 0.014 + 220.41% / 100 000, and the average annual mortality rate was 0.004% 17.5 / 100 000. The incidence rate of meningitis in Guizhou province decreased from 0.504% / 100 000 on 2006 to 0.014% / 1 million on 2014, a decrease of 97.2222% and an average annual average of 28 cases and 4 cases of death from 2007 to 2014 in Guizhou Province. In Guizhou province, 76.68% of the cases occurred in winter and spring. The peak of the cases in February was 80% of the cases were scattered children and students under 15 years of age, and the incidence of meningitis accounted for more than 50% in Bijie. Since the implementation of MPV combined immunization strategy in Zunyi and Tongren cities in 2006, the incidence of meningitis in the whole province has decreased significantly, and there is no obvious peak incidence. Conclusion inoculation with MPV is an effective measure to reduce the incidence and death of meningitis in Guizhou province.
【作者单位】：贵州省疾病预防控制中心;
【分类号】：R181.3;R515.2

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