2012-2016年重庆市南岸区水痘流行病学特征分析

发布时间：2018-03-02 21:35

本文选题：水痘　切入点：流行病学特征　出处：《现代预防医学》2017年19期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的分析2012-2016年重庆市南岸区水痘发病的流行病学特征,为科学防控提供参考依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对2012-2016年重庆市南岸区水痘发病情况及疫情资料进行统计分析。结果近5年该区累计报告水痘病例3604例,年平均发病率为91.92/10万,无重症及死亡病例报告;该区水痘发病存在两个高峰,分别为4~6月及10~12月;男性平均发病率(95.94/10万)高于女性(87.74/10万);发病年龄主要集中在6~8岁组人群;发病人群主要为学生(占58.41%)及幼托儿童(占18.53%);发病地区分布,镇的平均发病率(110.62/10万)高于街道(96.95/10万);2012-2016年累计报告水痘暴发疫情14起,1起发生在托幼机构,其余13起均发生在学校。结论南岸区水痘发病有明显的时间、地区、人群的聚集特征,建议加强以学校为重点的疫情监测及处置工作,同时积极探索第二剂次水痘疫苗接种的可行性,减少或避免水痘暴发或流行。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of chickenpox in Nanan district of Chongqing from 2012 to 2016, and to provide a reference for scientific prevention and control. The incidence and epidemic data of chickenpox in Nanan district of Chongqing from 2012 to 2016 were statistically analyzed. Results 3604 cases of chickenpox were reported in this area in recent five years, the annual average incidence rate was 919.2 / 100 000, no severe and death cases were reported. There were two peaks of chickenpox incidence in this area, from 4 to June and from 10 to December. The average incidence of chickenpox in males was 95.94 / 100 000), which was higher than that in females (87.74 / 100 000), and the age of onset was mainly in the age group of 6 to 8 years old. Students (58.41%) and young children (18.53%) were mainly affected by the disease. The average incidence rate in the town was 110.62 / 100 000, which was higher than that in street area (96.95% / 100 000). In 2012-2016, 14 or 1 out of 14 chickenpox outbreaks were reported in child-care institutions. Conclusion the incidence of chickenpox in Nanan district has obvious time, area and crowd gathering characteristics. It is suggested that the surveillance and management of the epidemic situation should be strengthened with emphasis on schools. At the same time, the feasibility of vaccination of the second dose of varicella vaccine was actively explored to reduce or avoid the outbreak or epidemic of chickenpox.
【作者单位】：重庆市南岸区疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制科;
【分类号】：R181.3;R511.5

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